KamAZ-6460 - technical characteristics of the tractor and fuel consumption

KamAZ-6460 is a truck tractor created by the Kama Automobile Plant. They began producing the car in 2003 and created a model based on the KamAZ 54115. The vehicle has the ability to mount various types of special equipment and serves as a real unique “highlight” of its own line, which explains its popularity and frequent use in the industrial and construction industries.

The Kama Automobile Plant manages to produce more than a dozen different modifications of the KamAZ 6460 model, where there is a choice of different load capacities, different service life and power of the power unit. The entire KamAZ model range.

Appearance

Model 6460 fits perfectly into the Russian “heavyweight” department, thanks to the fact that the chassis was adapted to our roads. There is also an inter-wheel and center differential with the ability to use the machine in different climatic regions and with different quality of road surfaces.

This made the car very famous. Despite the fact that the KamAZ 6460-73 truck has a foreign gearbox and an advanced power plant, the truck tractor is not intended for high-speed driving. Rather, it is used for long-haul transportation, since the technical component does not include adjustments to the adapted aerodynamics of the vehicle.

But the vehicle can carry out long-haul freight transportation as part of a road train, the total weight of which reaches 62 tons, which is undoubtedly impressive! Model 6460 received a design with a 4x6 wheel formula. The cabin has a cabover layout, a high roof, and a berth.

From the above it is clear that the two-axle truck tractor is not produced in a single modification. Later models are equipped with a modernized cabin. If you take a car for international flights, you can install an ultra-high cabin, which is equipped with an aerodynamic visor.

All variations of cab models are located above the power unit and have a hydraulic lift. As separate options, the 6460 can be equipped with various equipment that enhances the user properties and comfort of the machine. The appearance of the cabin is quite recognizable for KamAZ, although the model nevertheless survived a slight restyling.

A convenient visor appeared, which could often be seen only on famous European cars, and now on a domestic tractor. The car has a good ride height, which allows it to be more confident on poor road surfaces.

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Device

The tractor is equipped with an ABS (anti-lock brake) system and drum brakes. The car has a dependent leaf spring suspension.

The KamAZ-6460 is equipped with a 6-speed German ZF16S gearbox, which ensures efficient operation of the truck. The model's transmission includes a foreign-made cast fifth-wheel coupling mechanism (Jost or Georg Fisher).

KamAZ-6460 is available in several modifications. The latest versions are equipped with an improved cabin. So, they have sleeping places of increased comfort (the KamAZ-6460-10 model did not have them at all). The cabin configuration can be determined by the buyer himself. The Kama Automobile Plant offers a 3-seater cabin equipped with an autonomous heater and air seats. An ultra-high cabin equipped with an aerodynamic visor is suitable for international flights and long hauls. In all variants of the model, the cabin is located above the engine and has a hydraulic lift.

Optionally, the KamAZ-6460 can be equipped with various equipment that increases the performance and comfort of the vehicle.

The products of the Kama Automobile Plant are distributed throughout Russia and the former CIS countries. This allows you to quickly purchase parts and spare parts for cars of this brand, significantly reducing the time and financial costs of repairs.

Car dimensions:

• width – 2,500 mm;
• length – 6,580 mm;
• height – 3,635 mm;
• wheelbase – 4,450 mm.

Appearance

Model 6460 fits perfectly into the Russian “heavyweight” department, thanks to the fact that the chassis was adapted to our roads. There is also an inter-wheel and center differential with the ability to use the machine in different climatic regions and with different quality of road surfaces.

This made the car very famous. Despite the fact that the KamAZ 6460-73 truck has a foreign gearbox and an advanced power plant, the truck tractor is not intended for high-speed driving. Rather, it is used for long-haul transportation, since the technical component does not include adjustments to the adapted aerodynamics of the vehicle.

But the vehicle can carry out long-haul freight transportation as part of a road train, the total weight of which reaches 62 tons, which is undoubtedly impressive! Model 6460 received a design with a 4x6 wheel formula. The cabin has a cabover layout, a high roof, and a berth.

From the above it is clear that the two-axle truck tractor is not produced in a single modification. Later models are equipped with a modernized cabin. If you take a car for international flights, you can install an ultra-high cabin, which is equipped with an aerodynamic visor.

KamAZ-6460 with a restyled cab All variations of cab models are located above the power unit and have a hydraulic lift. As separate options, the 6460 can be equipped with various equipment that enhances the user properties and comfort of the machine. The appearance of the cabin is quite recognizable for KamAZ, although the model nevertheless survived a slight restyling.

A convenient visor appeared, which could often be seen only on famous European cars, and now on a domestic tractor. The car has a good ride height, which allows it to be more confident on poor road surfaces.

Cabin interior

Since the latest modifications already have an improved cabin, inside the KamAZ 6460 there are sleeping places, the comfort of which has increased noticeably. There is a choice of configurations, although not so huge, where any driver can choose everything he needs.

For example, there is a three-seater cabin, which is equipped with an autonomous heater and pneumatic seats. The instrument panel is quite good and has good information content. Most machine controls are within the driver's field of vision and reach, which allows for less distraction from driving the tractor, increasing safety.

At the top, near the windshield, you can find various connectors for built-in equipment and small glove compartments and compartments for things. The steering wheel has a large two-axis rim, but it is not as difficult to control as it might seem at first, since there is hydraulic power steering. The windshield is solid, not divided into two parts. Having three wipers can clean it well from precipitation.

Table: technical characteristics of KamAZ 6460

Modifications

The base model for the design was the KamAZ-54115 truck tractor. Quite a lot of engineering solutions were taken from him. The sample was produced from the beginning of 2000 until 2012.

Due to the wide range of truck applications, the model has received quite a few modifications. Their differences are noticeable, and each carrier needs to focus on its own operating characteristics when purchasing. The main differences relate to power units, tire size, unique cabin design and equipment, and many other characteristics.

Here is a list of the most popular modifications of KamAZ-6460:

1. Model 6460-028 – is equipped with a turbocharged diesel engine with the index 740.50-360. The car is equipped with tires of size 315/80R22.5. It is also equipped with a reliable hydraulic power steering column and cross-axle differential;
2. Model 6460-030 - this sample is equipped with an identical engine, but already has a reliable type of hydraulics, an MFZ 430 clutch, a driver’s seat from the RIAT brand and rims with 12.00R20 tires;
3. Model 6460-011-63 is the most powerful among the entire model range. It is equipped with a power unit of type 740.63-400, a box responsible for power take-off, and tires of size 315/80R22.5. The comfort of this configuration is ensured by installing special pneumatic seats. They can be adjusted as desired, choosing the most comfortable position.

Almost all modifications that are equipped with domestic and foreign engines have one type of transmission - a ZF 16 manual gearbox. Also, the entire range of configurations is equipped with a BOSCH brand fuel injection pump, autonomous stoves and 550-liter fuel tanks.

Advantages and disadvantages

Pros of the car

• No hood, which increases visibility;
• Large load capacity (road train up to 62 tons);
• Acceptable ride height;
• The machine is not difficult to operate and repair;
• There are no problems with purchasing parts and spare parts;
• Moderate pricing policy of the Kama company and the possibility of purchasing used options;
• Powerful power units (there is a foreign, more economical engine);
• High-quality German manual gearbox;
• Later versions have an improved cabin appearance, which stands out for its style and improved aerodynamic performance;
• Improved dynamic component of a truck tractor;
• More detailed interior;
• Comfortable seats with air suspension;
• Some configurations have up to two beds;
• There is an autonomous cabin heater;
• There are many modifications that allow the car to be used in different areas;
• Branded saddles.

Cons of the car

• The cabin interior still falls short of European options in terms of build quality and level of comfort provided;
• After some time, questions will arise about the quality and level of assembly of the interior and the car in general;
• Small tank of 600 liters, compared to analogues;
• The domestic power unit has a very high fuel consumption;
• The rear suspension does not have air suspension; the tractor still uses an outdated leaf spring version;
• The cabin does not have air suspension.

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KamAZ-6460

• Car make: KamAZ
• Country of origin: Russia

• Year of manufacture: 2003
• Body type: Tractor

KamAZ-6460 is a truck tractor created by the Kama Automobile Plant. They began producing the car in 2003 and created a model based on the KamAZ 54115. The vehicle has the ability to mount various types of special equipment and serves as a real unique “highlight” of its own line, which explains its popularity and frequent use in the industrial and construction industries.

The Kama Automobile Plant manages to produce more than a dozen different modifications of the KamAZ 6460 model, where there is a choice of different load capacities, different service life and power of the power unit. The entire KamAZ model range.

Truck motor

The “heart” of the KamAZ-6460 was made at the Kama Automobile Plant. Branded 740 series engines are equipped with various modifications. Most engines are equipped with diesel engines of the 740.50-360 or 740.63-400 series and meet the criteria of Euro-3 environmental standards. The engine has eight V-shaped cylinders and a displacement of 11.80 liters.

The engine has a turbocharging system and an air-cooling function, which reduces fuel consumption by almost 10 percent.

Engine Cummins L360 euro 2

The imported variation of the Cummins L360 is built into the KamAZ-6460 modifications aimed at long-term transportation. One of the advantages of such an engine among its competitors is the inability to electronically control the fuel supply system to the engine, and this greatly simplifies starting the engine during severe frost, facilitates repairs, and the machine becomes less demanding on fuel quality.

Models produced specifically for European countries are equipped with power plants that meet environmental standards.

Absolutely all engines built into KamAZ models are very powerful and allow the vehicles to deliver the heaviest loads at a fairly high speed. Climbing and overtaking when the car is fully loaded are very easy.

KAMAZ-6460

An extra-high roof cabin with two resting shelves is available as an optional extra. As standard, the truck is equipped with a fuel tank with a capacity of 550 liters. The tractor cab has adjustable air seats. The truck is equipped with drum brakes and an ABS anti-lock brake system. Suspension – spring, dependent.

Modern design solutions in combination with powerful, highly efficient engines and a proven ZF16S gearbox make it possible to achieve high operating efficiency of the tractor. The high quality and reliability of the Cummins L 360, KAMAZ 740.50 and KAMAZ 740.73 engines, which are equipped with tractors, make it possible to achieve high economic efficiency by reducing the cost of repair and maintenance of the power unit.

Powerful engines provide the truck with sufficient traction, allowing you to easily overcome long climbs and confidently overtake even with a fully loaded vehicle.

The tractor is equipped with a cast fifth wheel mechanism manufactured by Georg Fisher or Jost with a saddle height of 1285 to 1410 mm. and permissible load up to 16500 kg. The tractor can be used as part of a road train weighing up to 37.8 tons.

Among the advantages of the KAMAZ-6460 tractor with the Cummins L360 power unit is the absence of an electronic control system for the high-pressure fuel pump.

The fuel supply system is controlled mechanically, which greatly simplifies its repair and maintenance.

In addition, thanks to the mechanical system, during winter operation there are no problems with starting the engine, and the requirements for fuel quality are not as high as when using electronic control systems.

At the request of customers, the tractor can be equipped with additional options to improve the comfort and performance of the vehicle.

Mechanism for transmitting motion

Rear spring KAMAZ 6460

KamAZ-6460 vehicles are equipped with six-speed manual transmissions. The control can be either mechanical or remote.

The suspension stiffness is provided by the anti-roll bar. The rear part of the suspension is supported by two semi-elliptical springs. And the front suspension is equipped with reaction bars and hinges. "KAMAZ-6460" is stable thanks to the anti-roll bar.

The most important second gear includes the central canonical gear. The gearbox, interacting with the engine, provides a dry-type single-plate clutch from the ZF brand.

Given this design, the KamAZ-6460 vehicle is equipped with a wide range of capabilities for moving many tons of cargo, even on elevated surfaces at a large angle.

Installation of a pneumatic drive for KamAZ-6460 gear shift control

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Weight and load parameters

The mass characteristics of KamAZ 6460 are presented by the following indicators:

• Curb weight: 9,350 kg.
• The maximum weight of a car trailer is 52,500 kg.
• The total weight of the car is 26,000 kg.
• The weight of the road train is 62,000 kg.
• The load experienced by the coupling device is 16,500 kg.
• The load experienced by the axle at the front is 4,580 kg, the total weight is 6,000 kg.
• The load experienced by the trolley at the rear is 4,770 kg, the total weight is 20,000 kg.

Specifications and brief description

Main dimensions, load capacity, fuel consumption

In the basic configuration, the chassis is equipped with a fifth-wheel coupling mechanism, with a chain kingpin, with a diameter of 50.8 or 90 millimeters. The truck has a three-axle design with two drive axles (middle and rear). At the same time, in terms of its dimensions, the KamAZ 6460 does not have any serious differences from other truck tractors produced by the Kama Automobile Plant:

• Width – 2,500 mm;
• Length – 6,580 mm;
• Height – 3,635 mm;
• Wheelbase – 4,450 mm.

The curb weight of the chassis does not exceed 9,350 kilograms, with a permissible fifth-wheel load of 26,000 kilograms, thus the total weight of the truck reaches 26,000 kg. (payload about 16.5 tons).

Complex of components and assemblies

Brake system KamAZ-6460

The front of the car has single tires, and the rear has double tires. The wheels are equipped with a drum-type braking system. The brake drive itself is pneumatic, and the lining area is 4800 square centimeters.

Based on the fact that the KamAZ-6460 is a long-haul vehicle, you can still be sure that the car will perform very well off-road.

Two rechargeable batteries with a power of 2000 W and a generator with a rated voltage of 28 W provide all the functionality of the engine with high efficiency.

Chassis

The universal chassis of the KamAZ 6460 allows you to significantly expand the functionality of the truck, which explains the possibility of its operation in almost all civilian areas, as well as in the army.

KamAZ-6460 equipped with a CMU (crane manipulator)

Thus, the 6460 chassis can be equipped not only with a fifth wheel coupling for transporting goods on all types of modern semi-trailers, but also with various types of special equipment, for example, cranes, manipulators, tank trucks, platforms for transporting vehicles and military equipment, flatbeds, concrete mixers, shift trucks etc.

Specifications

Dimensions and load capacity

The body length of the KamAZ-6460 truck tractor is 6580 mm, and the width and height reach 3635 and 2500 mm, respectively. The wheelbase volume is 4450 mm.

The curb weight of a road train based on the 6460 is 9,350 kg, and the maximum permissible weight with cargo can reach 46,000 kg. In this case, the load on the saddle is 16500 kgf. Please note that these are record characteristics among other KamAZ truck tractors. In this case, the only model that can be compared with the 6460 is the 5460 modification, which has the following indicators - 7350/18000/40000 (weight of the tractor/total weight with the semi-trailer/road train, respectively).

Features of the use of KamAZ tractors

Truck tractors are used everywhere - not only in civilian life, but also in the military sphere. Therefore, there was a need to develop a specialized truck based on the 6460 for army needs. These machines have a wide range of applications. Thus, on the 6460 chassis it is possible to install various special equipment, including cranes, manipulators and on-board platforms. Moreover, the technology is also used in the construction industry. For example, an anti-aircraft missile system can be installed on the 6460 chassis. Alternatively, due to its strength, this platform is ideal for transporting components for launch vehicles, and in compliance with all safety standards.

In addition, the Kama Automobile Plant has launched the production of KamAZ rotation buses. This transport is a booth that is installed on the KamAZ-6460 chassis. Basic such modifications have an additional index 4208 and 42111. The maximum passenger capacity of such vehicles is 22 people in a seated position. Plus, we note two more passenger seats in the cabin.

KamAZ-6522 is also presented on the market in the form of a tank, timber carrier, explosives carrier, fuel tanker, container carrier, concrete mixer, etc. Based on this, we can conclude that the Kama Automobile Plant was able to establish the production of trucks based on the same chassis, but with different purposes. The universal platform allows you to significantly reduce production costs. For example, a company uses one conveyor to produce different types of trucks, and special bodies for them are developed in different workshops.

Engine, brakes and transmission

KamAZ-6460 is equipped with a four-stroke 8-cylinder diesel engine with index 740.63-400. The intercooling system used in this diesel engine ensures more efficient turbocharging. The features of this engine are fuel consumption reduced by 10%, high traction characteristics and compliance with environmental standards no lower than Euro-3. As of 2016-2017, there are still export trucks in production that support Euro-5 and Euro-6 standards. Such machines are intended for the European market. In addition, all updated engines have an increased service interval.

The engine displacement is 11.7 liters and the power reaches 294 horsepower. The torque is 1764 N/m, and is achieved already at 1900 rpm.

As an alternative to the domestic engine, an imported Cummins L360 diesel engine is offered, which is not demanding on high-quality fuel. The environmental class of the motor corresponds to Euro 3 and higher. The engine is equipped with a mechanical fuel supply system, which makes it easy to start even in severe frost. The fuel practically does not freeze, but in extreme cases you can always use special additives.

Modern versions of the tractor are equipped as standard with an anti-lock braking system, which significantly improves the efficiency of relatively outdated drum brakes. In addition, the truck is equipped with a time-tested leaf spring suspension.

The transmission for the KamAZ-6460 is a six-speed manual gearbox from ZF. A special feature of the box design is a cast fifth wheel mechanism from foreign suppliers Jost or Georg Fisher.

Fuel consumption

Regardless of modification, KamAZ-6460 consumes an average of 27 liters per 100 km. However, when loaded (as part of a road train), consumption approaches 48-50 liters per 100 km. If you drive at the highest possible speed (about 90 km/h), in this case the fuel consumption will be 60 liters/100 km. In this regard, the manufacturer installs a 600-liter fuel tank on this model.

Cabin equipment

Cabin interior of the basic modification of KamAZ 6460

Cabins can be made in two styles: high and extra high. Their differences are that in the first case there is only one berth, and in the second - two, and there is also an aerodynamic canopy on the roof.

A huge plus is the air suspension, which is provided for both the driver’s and passenger’s seats. Under the KamAZ cabin there is a hyper-lifting mechanism that provides full access to the engine.

Well-known comfort conditions are present: a heating and cooling system. The interior is very spacious, and the necessary devices are literally at hand.

Video on the topic: KamAZ-6460

Transmission

Any modification of the KamAZ-6460 is characterized by a ZF16 synchronized mechanical gearbox with 16 steps and remote control. Its interaction with the engine is ensured by a ZF diaphragm single-disc clutch, the design of which includes a hydraulic drive with a pneumatic booster.

The size of the driven disk is 43 cm. The main double gear has a gear ratio of 5.11, it includes a central bevel and planetary type gear.

Engine

KamAZ-6460 is equipped with a four-stroke eight-cylinder diesel engine with intercooling for air, a V-shaped cylinder arrangement, and turbocharging. It was significantly improved, it was possible to reduce fuel costs by 10% and improve dynamic characteristics.

Thanks to the compliance of the power plant with Euro-3 criteria, it is possible to use this truck within a populated area without damaging the environment and expanding the market. The motor is characterized by an increased period of time from one maintenance to the next.

Engine characteristics:

• Volume - 11.76 l.
• Power – 294 kW.
• The highest possible torque value is 1764 Nm.
• The rotation frequency is 1900 revolutions per minute.
• The cylinder has a diameter of 12 cm.

The Kama plant produces versions of the KamAZ-6460, which are designed for international transportation. These cars have a Cummins L360 power plant, which has low fuel requirements. The motor belongs to the Euro-3 category. The mechanical method of supplying fuel makes it easy to start even when the temperature becomes negative.

Advantages and disadvantages

Advantages:

• Time-tested design;
• High maneuverability and load capacity;
• Long overhaul period and high maintainability;
• Modern modifications are equipped with imported engines and gearboxes.

Flaws:

• Outdated, uninformative control panel;
• Cars with domestic engines have high fuel consumption;
• Strong vibration in the cabin;
• Many drivers complain about the poor quality of the radiator.