Pneumatics by D. Kasyanov: if the characteristics are not pleasing, we will improve them

But here’s the problem: civilian firearms in Russia are limited to hunting rifles and traumatic weapons. Purchasing both is fraught with certain difficulties, especially when it comes to buying a weapon for another person.

Nevertheless, there is a way out. On the Russian market, a lot of models of pneumatic weapons for every taste are sold absolutely freely. The topic of this article is pistols as the most universal gift for a man.

But this diversity creates difficulties. In fact, how to choose? Let's try to figure it out.

First of all, think about whether such a gift would be appropriate. Perhaps a person has a dislike for weapons (and such men do exist!) or he simply has nowhere to shoot. It is unlikely that you will be pleased if the gift you chose is sold at half price a month later (which does not happen very rarely).

Photo: Depositphotos

On the other hand, it is possible that the recipient of the gift is a military man, a sports shooter, or simply a lover of this type of equipment who is well versed in it. For such a person, choosing a gift should be especially thoughtful; not every pneumatic gun will truly please him.

Pneumatic pistols are divided into: spring-piston (“fracture”), compression and multi-compression, gas cylinder.

The “perelomka” is designed according to the principle of familiar shooting rifles and is very easy to use: break the barrel, insert a bullet, close it, shoot.

• Pros : simplicity, affordability (1800−2700 rubles), high accuracy.
• Cons : small selection (the Russian IZH-53 and the Turkish Blow H-01 are available in stores), large dimensions, cannot be fired in series.

Air pistol IZH-53 (MR-53) Photo: ru.wikipedia.org
Compression pneumatics also require reloading after each shot. In compression pistols, we use a lever to pump air into a special reservoir (from 1 to 10 pumps), load the bullet, and shoot.

• Pros : power can be adjusted by the number of strokes, no recoil, high accuracy.
• Cons : small selection (2-3 models), low rate of fire (you need to pump the lever several times before each shot).

So let's talk about gas pistols .

First of all, such pistols are divided into bullet pistols (have a rifled barrel, shoot lead bullets) and ball pistols (have a smooth barrel, shoot steel balls). Bullet pistols are much more accurate and are more suitable for thoughtful shooting at paper targets. Steel balls hit bottles much better; they are usually preferred by fans of recreational shooting at barbecues. The bullets are located in a drum installed under the bolt; balls are in the magazine inside the handle (like combat pistols!).

There are pistols that more or less accurately copy combat models. They are usually made of metal (usually silumin). From my point of view, metal does not provide any practical advantages. Modern plastics are in no way inferior to silumin in strength, and if you manage to break the case, then the plastic (unlike silumin) can be glued together. Metal adds weight and a sense of realism.

A number of models have a bolt that moves when fired (like combat pistols) and recoil. Their power is usually lower, since part of the gas is spent to ensure the shutter travels. At the same time, they can have good accuracy, but are inferior in this regard to pistols with a fixed bolt due to recoil.

So, first we decide on the price. Let’s very tentatively highlight price categories. We will focus on store prices; moreover, it is realistic to purchase a pistol in excellent condition with documents and even a first-hand warranty at a price 20-30% lower than the store price.

Air gun MP-651 KS 4.5 mm Photo: air-gun.ru

How powerful is the weapon?

Those who plan to use this method of self-defense should carefully study FZ-150. It states (in Article 1) that a pneumatic weapon is one that is intended to hit targets using a projectile that moves in a certain direction due to the energy of a gas (it can be liquefied, compressed or solidified).

To understand the categories of weapons of this type, first of all, you need to look at the characteristics of a particular model of pistol or shotgun and clarify the pressure in Joules (this indicator is also called muzzle energy), on which the speed of the bullet and its destructive ability will depend, accordingly:

• Up to 3 J (caliber can be 6-8 mm or more). In the law, all restrictions begin from the moment when we start talking about weapons with greater muzzle energy - from 3 J. This gives reason to believe that products with less power do not fall into the classification of weapons at all. Such products shoot rubber bullets that are not capable of injuring a person. In fact, this is a simple toy pistol, which can only be used to intimidate an attacker (although even the design of the product gives away its abilities). Of course, you don't need any license for it.

• From 3 to 4 J. In this case we are talking about steel shells. The pistol or shotgun itself is a complete copy of a real firearm. If in the first case the body is made of plastic, then with higher energy the “barrel” will be made of steel. The law (Article 3, paragraph 2) already classifies products with indicators over 3 J as sports. You do not need a specialized permit for it, but it is better to have a document on hand that will indicate the muzzle energy.
• From 4 to 7.5 J (caliber up to 4.5 mm). This is a more powerful weapon, which is also considered a sport weapon. Such pistols are capable of causing serious injury to a person, but do not require a permit (any citizen who has reached the age of majority can purchase one). However, it is better to have a pistol passport with you, since the characteristics of such guns are already on the verge of being prohibited.

• From 7.5 to 25 J (caliber greater than 4.5 mm). This weapon belongs to the category of sporting and hunting weapons. With such muzzle energy you can easily kill a person or animal. In this regard, a pistol of this type can be considered a combat pistol, which means it will require papers. Otherwise, its carrying or possession is considered a serious violation of the law.
• More than 25 J (any caliber, metal projectiles). This type of weapon is considered a combat weapon, so it cannot be found on the open market. If you buy such a weapon illegally, you will have to answer to the law under two articles.

It is possible to cause minor harm to a person using a pistol with a small muzzle energy. If you want to feel safer, it is important to consider that air guns up to 25 J can be carried in a car, but with some important reservations.

Increasing the power of spring-piston pistols

New concept for upgrading spring-piston pneumatics

Spring-piston pneumatics (SPP) are represented by the most reliable and accurate samples intended for sports or amateur use. Unlike similar rifles, PP pistols usually have a significantly lower firing speed, which is structurally due to the smaller dimensions of the chamber.

There are the following ways to give more energy to a bullet from such a weapon:

increasing the volume of the pneumatic chamber. The method consists of processing its inner surface on a machine, removing a thin metal layer.

Any upgrade to the pistol’s spring-piston system involves exceeding the operating parameters specified by the manufacturer. The power should be increased gradually, avoiding the pursuit of too high speeds, which can negatively affect the performance and durability of the weapon.

You can read how to modify the Makarov air pistol here. Find out the power and speed of bullets of different models.

Requirements for storing weapons in a car

In order not to break the law, it is useful to read Art. 6 p 2.1. In simple terms, pneumatics cannot be transported in a charged state within populated areas. The only exceptions are specialized shooting ranges or sports grounds intended for shooting.

Based on this, the pistol should always be unloaded, or even better, be disassembled in a box. It is worth taking out the projectile receiver and removing all the bullets from it. The gas cylinder is also detached.

Even if the muzzle energy of a pistol is around 2 J, it is still recommended to carry a passport for such a “toy” with you. If a traffic police officer stops a driver who does not have any documents for a weapon, then the representative of the law has the right to confiscate it. After all, he cannot verify on the spot that the power of the pistol does not require a license.

Since pneumatic weapons cannot be classified as a means of self-defense, they are prohibited from being used in urban environments. Even if you shoot at cans or fire a 3 J “toy” into the air, you can earn a fine of 1,000 rubles. But if the power of the pistol is higher and generally implies the presence of a permit, which is not there, then the punishment increases to 5,000 rubles, and in some situations up to 15 days of arrest.

Safety precautions when upgrading

Although air guns are considered non-lethal, their bullets have significant penetration and can seriously injure a person. Even a slight increase in bullet speed can significantly increase its traumatic properties. Thus, an increase in speed by 20 m/s, with an initial value of 100 m/s, increases the shot energy by almost 1.5 times.

When deciding to increase the power of your pistol, pay attention to safety precautions:

1. too strong a spring in the PPP can lead to deformation of metal parts when arming and cause a premature shot;
2. the increased speed of the bullet makes it dangerous at long distances. When using a “pumped” pistol, pay special attention to the absence of people in the direction of shooting;
3. Do not allow excessive thinning of the walls of the discharge chamber when boring. This reduces the overall rigidity of the structure and can cause injury if gas escapes through defects.

Of all the types of pneumatics, spring-piston pistols are the least susceptible to modernization. This is facilitated by the small volume of the pneumatic chamber and the difficulties that arise when using more powerful springs.

When do you need a license and how to get it

If you carry with you an air pistol whose power is less than 7.5 J and whose caliber is no more than 4.5 mm, then you do not need to obtain a license (a passport for the weapon and confirmation that the owner of the pistol is already 18 years old is sufficient). You can read about this in Article 13 of Federal Law-150.

If the weapon exceeds these limits, a license and special permission will be required. First you need to get the go-ahead to buy a pistol. To do this, we go to the LRO (licensing and permitting department) of the Russian Guard. You need to have a completed application with you, a passport of a citizen of the Russian Federation, and a medical certificate stating that there are no contraindications to owning a weapon. Additionally, you need to visit a narcologist and a psychiatrist. You also need to undergo training (learn how to use a weapon and study safety precautions) and bring with you a document confirming this. If the weapon is a sports weapon, then you need to provide a document stating what kind of sport the person is involved in. If you buy a gun for hunting, you need a hunting license.

Healthy! The entire package of documents (color scans) can also be sent by email.

After this, all papers are carefully checked and the citizen is notified of the date and time when the check will take place. The inspector must visit the applicant's apartment and ensure that all measures are taken to store the weapon. After this, a license is issued.

Healthy! The state duty will be 2,000 rubles.

However, if the inspector indicates in the papers that the gun will be stored in the apartment, but instead it ends up in the car, then this is a serious violation of the law. In order to have a pistol on hand (for example, in the glove compartment) you need a separate permit. It can also be obtained from an ENT specialist, only at your place of residence. As a rule, it is issued after the purchase of a weapon, but no later than 14 days after purchase (this is also written in Article 13 of Federal Law-150).

To obtain a permit, you need to pay a state fee (500 rubles) and submit documents to the ENT. This time the package will be smaller. An application, a passport, a copy of the license to purchase a weapon (it must have the stamp of the weapons seller) and two photographs (3*4 cm) are enough. The ENT officer must also assess the condition of the weapon.

If all is well, the citizen is issued a permit for a period of 5 years. With it you can not only store weapons, but also carry them with you. However, it is important to remember that this document is a strict reporting form. Therefore, if you constantly forget it at home, then there will be nothing but problems.

Shooting

A new rifle needs tweaking and adjustment, that is, the air needs to be zeroed. Since an air gun is not a product that is bought every day, many people, after making a purchase, do not know how to shoot an air gun. In order to adjust the sight to the air guns, you need to shoot them properly. To do this, they use precision shooting from a short distance.

Pneumatics are sighted from a distance of no more than 50 meters. The shooter must be in a prone position. They shoot at targets - a black circle, 20 cm in diameter with a white dot in the middle. The air sight is adjusted in one direction or another. The crosshair is tilted and turned in the direction where the bullet went. After each shot, the sight is checked.

Design

MP 512-36 has a compressor size of 25x82 millimeters, which allows you to achieve a power of 15-16 joules without much effort. A special feature of the model is the trigger mechanism. It is assembled on a block that is mounted on the back of the compressor. That is, it holds the spring. The trigger mechanism has a simple design and consists of a sear, a trigger and a safety plate. The safety is automatic; the rifle must be removed from it before each shot. The stock consists of several parts that are connected to each other with screws; to remove the stock you need to unscrew twelve screws. This approach also negatively affects the accuracy of fire. The barrel box is made of plastic. There are no fiber-optic threads in the sighting devices, which is understandable - the price is only 4,300 rubles.

Pneumatic or traumat

businessman
03-10-2017 12:52

There is a specific problem, we need your opinion.
I live in a private sector, and from time to time two dogs come running and attack people. In three months, one person was bitten, and I don’t know how many people passing by. They seemed to belong to a person, but when they went to investigate, the dogs didn’t even belong to her. In short, it is useless to catch them; poisoning them is dangerous, since many walk by with normal pets. I want to buy my wife some protective equipment. The goal is to cause as much damage to the dog as possible. I know that trauma requires permission - this is not a problem. Or is pneumatic enough? sever44
03-10-2017 14:24

UDAR with pepper BAMs / Dobrynya / Pioneer and launcher with noise cartridges GROM.
In section A + A, read more about these devices. rainboow81
03-10-2017 14:50

In the year 2003, I saw a mongrel dog run out from under the gate at a man, he fired 5 bullets at it from a cornet, that was enough for the dog, I mean, it ran away with its tail between its legs.
John JACK
03-10-2017 15:03

Rogat.
kWolf
03-10-2017 15:13

It seems to me that a pneumatic gun is not the best option, especially for a wife.
Mass-produced air pistols have, to put it mildly, a mediocre effect. And rifles are not suitable for constant wear, but for shooting dogs you can choose a model. Try also creating a topic in the self-defense section, they can give advice on other types of civilian weapons. And so, I personally am in favor of a gas can or, as they wrote above, Udar (both options are sold with a passport). ADF
03-10-2017 16:59

From a dog - jet GB.
If you inflict maximum damage, then it’s better to ask a special person who has it and who knows. Waskinistrator
03-10-2017 18:26
Zveri4
03-10-2017 19:48

quote: I know that an injury requires permission - this is not a problem.

Resolution is permission, but you also need to know how to use it, and also be able to shoot in a stressful situation, which is far from easy. ADF
03-10-2017 20:50

Buying trachmat just for the sake of a couple of specific flea carriers is irrational stupidity.
Waskinistrator
03-10-2017 21:44

quote: Originally posted by ADF: Buying trachmat just for the sake of a couple of specific flea carriers is irrational stupidity.

Well, yes, “since such a booze has begun,” it is much cheaper to buy a 12-gauge shotgun from some drunk for a bottle and make a sawed-off shotgun out of it, load it with bullets and carry it under your coat... When fired at close range, the intestines of a flea carrier will scatter throughout the entire area

ps I am against cruelty to animals.
A pneumatic gun can only make the dog angry, but the injury will cause injury and the animal will suffer for the rest of its days. It’s better to kill then, but to be sure. Dark_Nomad
03-10-2017 23:16

Pneumatic is not an option. An acorn-sized pneumatic gun that is enough to bring down a dog either costs a lot of oil (PSP in the grandfather) / or is bulky and pale (Hasan with a re-barrel in the father). Plus, you still need to get exactly into the horny compartment. 4.5 only to injure/anger, to incur the machinations of compassionate grannies and employees of the Ministry of Internal Affairs. Still, first you need to contact the SES/police/local administration. If these comrades don’t care, then the most proven way is to poison them.

If the private sector is painless in relation to TB and employees, then of course 12 gauge or a small one decides.
But when it's pale, you can fly big. gnom
03-10-2017 23:23

quote: The task is to cause the dog as serious damage as possible.

Axe, pitchfork, shovel. No kidding. And most importantly, there is absolutely no corpus delicti. S-B-A
03-10-2017 23:39

It's most likely not the dogs, but the vehicle's desire to show off. And domestic dogs bite faster than feral dogs.

guns.allzip.org

Disassembling the MP-512-36 air rifle

There is nothing difficult about disassembling this model. First you need to unscrew all the visible screws in the stock, there are twelve of them in total. Next, you can remove the front sight on the barrel (if necessary), the front sight is held by a cap, it is threaded, unscrew it, remove the lock washer and pull out the front sight. Now you can install a sound moderator (if you have optics). Next, unscrew the screw securing the barrel coupling and remove the barrel with the coupling and cocking lever. Then we knock out the cotter pin securing the backdrop; when installing a reinforced spring, you need to do this using a special device or resting your own weight on the floor, first placing something for support. Then, resting the backdrop, turn it a little (there is a hook) and it will come off. The trigger mechanism is mounted in a block on the back. The rifle is completely disassembled. Nothing complicated.

Modifications

There are a great many modifications of the rifle, but there is only one difference - the stock. They have no design differences or have minor ones that do not in any way affect the tactical and technical characteristics.

MP 512S-00

Updated version. The workmanship has been improved and the trigger mechanism has been redesigned.

MR-512S-01

Stock like the first model 512. Latest version

MP-512-20

Model 22 with a combined stock (forend made of wood)

MR-512-22

The model that replaced the MP-512 (without any indexes), due to the variety of combinations, was assigned index 22.

MP-512-24

Another option for a combined bed

MP-512-26

Model with wooden stock. The material is not known for certain, but according to some information it is birch. But there is a model where it is precisely stated that the wooden stock is made of birch.

MP-512-28

Old model with a new stock, the main difference is the dovetail groove milled on the receiver

MR-512-47

The difference from the model with index 36 is the red inserts

MP-512-48

The difference from the model with index 36 is the blue inserts

MP-512-64

The model features a beautiful wooden stock made of birch. Thanks to him, the rifle takes on the appearance of an expensive, high-quality product.

The main pros and cons of the rifle

The main advantages are the low price and unlimited potential for improvement. The rifle has been produced for more than twenty years and on specialized forums there is a lot of information on fine-tuning or, as airgunners say, “peeling” of the MP 512-36 air rifle. Everything on the rifle is changed, the cuff, the spring, the piston, the muzzle is chamfered, and the breech of the barrel is also remade. You can do all this yourself or resort to the help of friends.