08/21/2021 4,948 VAZ 2110
Author: Ivan Baranov
The efficiency of the fuel system of the VAZ 2110 depends on the quality of the fuel-air mixture. The MAF (mass air flow sensor) is responsible for monitoring the optimal ratio of air content in the combustible mixture of air on the VAZ 2110. The article describes the operating principle of the device, how to test it, and provides instructions on how to replace and repair the sensor yourself with a demonstration video and photo.
Appearance of the air flow sensor VAZ 2110 [Hide]
Principle of operation
The main task of the mass air flow sensor, also called a flow meter, is to calculate the required amount of fresh air entering the engine cylinders. The flow meter on the VAZ 2110 is located in the air duct behind the air filter, where it measures the amount and temperature of outside air.
Location of the flow meter on the VAZ 2110
The optimal ratio between fuel and air is 1:14. If the proportions do not meet the necessary parameters, then either excessive fuel consumption occurs or the vehicle’s power decreases. The mass air flow sensor controls that air flows in certain portions. It calculates how much air has entered and transmits this information to the ECU. Taking these readings into account, the computer calculates the required amount of fuel.
When you press the gas pedal, the amount of incoming air increases, and accordingly more fuel is consumed. If the car moves evenly, the portions of air and fuel entering the cylinders of the power unit are the same at each cycle. If the driver accelerates, the throttle valve opens and the volume of incoming air increases, and at the same time the load on the engine increases. If the gas pedal is released, the load drops.
Signs of a malfunction of the mass air flow sensor on a VAZ-2110 and diagnostics
The automotive market does not stand still; manufacturers are constantly improving car engine power, fuel consumption, aerodynamic values, and coming up with options for changing overall comfort.
The main and obvious improvement was the transition from the use of a carburetor method of power supply to a more efficient injection system. How does the latter work? Regulates the quantitative supply of fuel according to a single dosage for the operation of the power plant in different formats of activity. This allows you to reduce the amount of air consumption and ensure maximum power output from the power structure.
However, mechanics argue that the design of the carburetor system is technologically simpler, because the carburetor operates mechanically, which means that the mechanism can be assumed to be highly reliable. The VAZ-2110 is equipped with such a system. The advantage of the device is that the fuel-air mass is formed in the carburetor and in the cylinders through vacuum, which is created by the pistons.
The technical version of the injection system is more complicated. The working mixture appears in cylindrical products, and the supply of its components is realized separately from each other.
The required amount of fuel is provided by the electronic control unit, but it needs to have several important characteristics:
Basic faults
The mass air flow sensor rarely fails and requires repair, but it is important to know what the signs of its malfunction are:
- Fuel consumption increases. This can be determined by the on-board computer. If the flow meter malfunctions, fuel consumption increases by a liter or more.
- The car's power decreases.
- Uneven operation of the power unit. The car either accelerates slowly or picks up speed too quickly.
- The engine does not start or does not start the first time.
- Idle speed is floating.
The listed signs do not necessarily indicate a breakdown of the flow meter; the reasons may be the malfunction of other devices, which will require their repair. Therefore, it is necessary to check the serviceability of the flow meter.
Verification methods
There are several ways to check the mass air flow sensor with your own hands.
Shutdown
One way to check the flow meter is to turn it off. To do this, you need to remove the connector that connects the mass air flow sensor to the VAZ 2110 system.
Disconnecting the connector from the device
In this case, emergency mode is activated, the amount of air required is calculated based on the throttle position. If the car moves more dynamically with the sensor disabled, it needs to be replaced or repaired; perhaps cleaning will help.
Checking with a multimeter
To check, you need a multimeter and knowledge of repairs and how to handle the tester. The measuring device must be set to constant pressure measurement mode, designated by the letter V or DCV.
Multimeter for testing
To understand the operation of the mass air flow sensor, you need to know its pinout:
- a pink or red-black wire leads to the central unit;
- green wire – grounding;
- The white-gray wire is intended for voltage output;
- The yellow wire is used to supply current to the signal input.
Having dealt with the wires, you can start testing:
- First you need to turn on the multimeter, set the voltage to 20 V, and install the wires with electrodes in the appropriate connectors.
- For ease of connection, it is recommended to use two pins. They need to be inserted into the holes from which the green and yellow wires come out, and the tester electrodes must be connected to them.
- Now you need to turn on the ignition and measure the voltage. The voltage on the new sensor is 0.9-1.0 V.
Over time, the voltage increases as the resistors wear out and the resistance drops.
The higher the voltage reading, the higher the wear on the device:
- good condition – 1.01-1.02 V;
- normal state - 1.02-1.03 V;
- the device will soon stop functioning - 1.0-1.04 V;
- imminent death means a voltage reading of 1.04-1.05 V;
- replacement of the device is necessary if the readings are 1.05 or higher.
You can find out the MAF voltage using the on-board computer. To do this, you need to go to the “voltage with mass air flow sensor” section, we must find the indicator “U mass air flow sensor”.
Visual inspection
For a visual check, you should inspect the corrugation and the mass air flow sensor. If traces of condensation or grease are found, they may cause the appliance to malfunction. Sometimes cleaning the dirt helps restore the device's functionality and avoid repairs. Dirt accumulates due to infrequent air filter changes.
Grease spots appear if the oil sump is clogged or the oil level in the crankcase exceeds the permissible level; this may be a sign of a malfunction of the mass air flow sensor. If the reason is contamination, then all elements need to be washed or cleaned (video author - Alexey Romanov).
After cleaning, we proceed to a visual inspection of the sensor itself. There is a rubber O-ring on the front of the flow meter that serves as a seal to prevent unfiltered air from entering through the inlet.
If the ring has moved or remains on the filter, dust may accumulate on the mesh. Such contamination may well be the cause of a malfunction of the sensing element.
Mass air flow sensor for 8 cells. VAZ 2110-2112 until 2006
- Manufacturer: BOSCH
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Dear customers, in order to avoid errors when sending a mass air flow sensor (MAF), indicate your car model, year of manufacture and number of valves in the “Comment” line.
Mass air flow sensor (MAF) 037 "BOSCH" - hot-wire type.
Structurally, this type of sensor has a sensitive element, a thin mesh (membrane) based on silicon, which is installed in the intake air flow. The grid contains a heating resistor and two temperature sensors, which are installed before and after the heating resistor.
The output signal of the mass air flow sensor is a DC voltage within 1...5 V. The value depends on the amount of air passing through the sensor. While the engine is running, the intake air cools the part of the mesh located in front of the heating resistor. The temperature sensor located in front of the resistor is cooled, and the sensor located behind the heating resistor maintains its temperature by heating the air. The differential signal from both sensors makes it possible to obtain a characteristic curve depending on the amount of air flow.
The ECU analyzes the mass air flow sensor signal and, using its data tables, determines the duration of the injector opening pulse, which corresponds to the mass air flow signal.
DMRV 037 "BOSCH" has a built-in air temperature sensor (ATS), the readings of which are used in the distributed fuel injection system of the 2112 car and distributed fuel injection systems under EURO-2 toxicity standards. The sensitive element of the DTV is a thermistor (a resistor that changes resistance depending on temperature) - installed in the flow of passing air. The controller supplies 5V voltage through a fixed resistor located inside the controller. The controller calculates the temperature based on the voltage drop across the sensor. As the temperature increases, the voltage decreases. Based on sensor readings, the controller calculates the duration of the injector opening pulses.
The mass air flow sensor is installed between the air filter and the throttle pipe.
Other article numbers of the product and its analogues in catalogues: 21083-1130010-10.
The mass air flow sensor (catalog designation "BOSCH" 0 280 218 037) is designed to convert the air flow entering the engine into DC voltage. Sensor information allows you to determine the engine operating mode and calculate the cyclic filling of the cylinders with air at steady engine operating conditions, the duration of which exceeds 0.1 seconds
VAZ 2108, VAZ 2109-21099; VAZ 2110-11, VAZ 2112, VAZ 2123, VAZ 21214.
— Optimal fuel consumption is ensured in all engine operating modes due to high accuracy and stability of output characteristics.
— Using the thermal principle of air flow measurement.
— Measuring range of mass air flow — from 8 to 550 kg/h.
— The error in measuring the mass flow of the new sensor is +/- 2.5%.
— The magnitude of the output signal when measuring the flow range from 0 to 100% is from 0.05 to 5 V.
— The sensor is powered from the vehicle’s on-board network with a rated voltage of 12 V.
— The range of supply voltage changes is from 7.5 to 16 V.
— Current consumption (at supply voltage from 7.5 to 16 V) — 0.5 A.
— Operating temperature range — from -45° to +120° C.
— Mean time between failures, no less than 3000 hours.
How to identify a problem with the BOSCH mass air flow sensor?
How to replace the BOSCH mass air flow sensor yourself?
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Replacement and installation instructions
If cleaning the system elements does not help and the cause of the malfunction is a broken mass air flow sensor, you can replace it yourself.
The procedure for replacing the mass air flow sensor on a VAZ 2110 with your own hands consists of the following steps:
- First of all, you need to turn off the engine and remove the ignition key.
- Next, remove the flow meter connector.
- After unscrewing the screws securing the clamps, you need to disconnect the hose of the intake pipe, which is attached to the air filter housing.
Disconnected intake pipe hose - Next, remove the mass air flow sensor. Before installing a new consumable, you should clean or rinse its seat.
- Assembly is carried out in reverse order.
This completes replacing the flow meter on a VAZ 2110 with your own hands. You can check the engine's operation by driving a short distance.
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Replacement
It is not difficult to replace the mass air flow sensor with your own hands, even if you do not have any special skills in car repair. Having checked the condition of the device and determined that cleaning will not help, all that remains is to replace it.
- Place the car on a level surface, lift the hood and remove the negative terminal from the battery.
- Disconnect the sensor connector. We have already talked about its location, so there will be no problems with the search.
- Using a screwdriver, remove the clamping bolt of the clamp that secures the corrugation to the mass air flow sensor.
- The corrugation is removed.
- Using a 10mm wrench, unscrew the two bolts that hold the sensor to the air filter housing.
- After removing the failed oxygen sensor, install a new regulator in its place.
- Screw back a couple of bolts, secure the corrugation and secure it with a clamp.
- Reconnect the connector and return the negative terminal to the battery.
If everything is done correctly and the breakdown is correctly identified, then the engine will return to its previous performance and the error signal on the dashboard will disappear.
Replacing the device
To finally check the result of the repair, go out onto the road, do a test drive and be sure to try to press the gas pedal sharply. If the dynamics and power become the same as before the problems arose, you did everything correctly, and it was the mass air flow sensor that was the culprit of the malfunction.
