For the term "Marder" see also other meanings.
This term has other meanings, see Marder.
| Marder | |
| "Marder" 1A3 | |
| Marder | |
| Classification | Infantry fighting vehicle |
| Combat weight, t | 28.5 Marder 1 33.5 Marder 1A3 |
| Crew, people | 3 |
| Troops, people | 7 |
| Story | |
| Developer | Rheinmetall |
| Years of production | from 1969 to 1975 |
| Years of use | from 1970 to present time |
| Number of issued, pcs. | 3000 |
| Basic operators | |
| Dimensions | |
| Case length, mm | 6790 |
| Width, mm | 3240 |
| Height, mm | 2950 |
| Booking | |
| Body forehead, mm/deg. | Marder 1 20 mm/75° from 20 mm BPS DM43 with D=0 m, from 25 mm BPS with D=200 m Marder 1A3: hull front from 30 mm BPS 30×165 mm with D=400 m[1 ] |
| Hull side, mm/deg. | from 14.5 mm B-32 bullets (Marder 1) |
| Hull feed, mm/deg. | from 14.5 mm bullets |
| Armament | |
| Caliber and brand of gun | 1 × 20 mm Rh 202 |
| Gun type | automatic rifle |
| Sights | thermal imaging, with day and night channels |
| Machine guns | 1 × 7.62 mm MG3 |
| Other weapons | MILAN ATGM |
| Mobility | |
| engine's type | V-shaped 6-cylinder diesel |
| Engine power, l. With. | 600 |
| Engine power, kW | 447 |
| Highway speed, km/h | 75 |
| Cruising range on the highway, km | 520 |
| Suspension type | individual torsion bar |
| Ditch to be overcome, m | 2,5 |
| Fordability, m | 1,5 |
| Media files on Wikimedia Commons | |
Marder 1 prototype (1969). Ball embrasures are visible on the sides, which were eliminated on the Marder 1A3 modification as a result of installing side screens.
Marder 1A3 view from the stern.
Spaced armor for fender niches, folding ramp and hull roof. "Marder"
- German infantry fighting vehicle (IFV). Created in 1966-1969 by the German company Rheinmetall AG by order of the Bundeswehr.
The first prototype of the Marder (from German - “Marten”) was assembled at the end of 1969, production continued until 1975. In total, about 3,000 cars were built.
At the time of adoption, the Marder BMP was superior in security parameters to known vehicles and had a high speed of movement over rough terrain, which allowed it to operate together with Leopard tanks as an integral part of a strike group. Since 2010, the new Puma infantry fighting vehicle has been gradually introduced into service with the Bundeswehr to replace the Marder [2]
History of creation and production
In 1963, the Leopard main battle tank was adopted by the Bundeswehr. In 1964, motorized infantry appeared on amphibious American M113 armored personnel carriers, designed to conduct combat operations at a high tempo, crossing water obstacles on the move. By the beginning of 1967, 14 tank battalions had been transferred from M47 tanks to Leopard tanks. The HS-30 armored personnel carrier could no longer solve the problems of interaction with Leopard tanks, which had a speed of up to 70 km/h, and its capacity was less than the size of the motorized infantry squad - 10 people.
In parallel with the Leopard tank, the development of an infantry fighting vehicle of the Neu project was carried out - “new” for joint actions. Moreover, not only the combat properties of the tank and infantry fighting vehicle were agreed upon, but also issues of logistics and technical maintenance. The BMP was designed by the same companies that created the Leopard - Rheinmetall and Henschel-Werke. The development of the BMP took 9 years. The first samples were shown in 1960-1961. The final version was chosen in 1966, and at the beginning of May 1969, the BMP was presented to the military leadership at the Munster training ground. The car was called "Marder". 1.8 billion marks were allocated for production. Rheinmetall was chosen as the general contractor - in Kassel, the second in Kiel. Production began in late 1969 and was carried out on two assembly lines at an average rate of 55 units per month. Until 1975, the companies produced 1759 and 977 infantry fighting vehicles, respectively.
Who goes to war and who goes to the museum
The Soviet BMP-1, having barely passed the tests, was immediately tested in real combat operations. In 1968, it performed well in Operation Danube (the entry of Allied troops into Czechoslovakia). Subsequently, this machine took part in almost all conflicts of the second half of the 20th century. Even today it is in service with more than thirty countries.
As for her sworn friend “Marder”, this fashionable beauty did not go to war, but peacefully posed at exhibitions, slept in museums and rested in the garages of motorized infantry units and units in Germany, Indonesia and Chile. True, its modernized successor was on a combat mission from 2009 to 2010. in Afghanistan. By the way, in terms of life expectancy, the Soviet infantry “milkmaid” turned out to be much more tenacious than its German competitor - the BMP-1 was mass-produced for almost 13 years, and the first “Marder” lasted only six.
And yet, both vehicles did not sink into oblivion, but became the beginning of a series of modifications that significantly improved the combat and protective capabilities of infantry fighting vehicles, thereby saving many simple infantry lives.
Modifications
- SPz NEU
- ten pre-production samples produced between October 1968 and March 1969. Equipped with a six-cylinder multi-fuel Daimler-Benz MB833Ea engine (600 hp). - “Marder”
(after 1985 the name was changed to “
Marder-1
”) - the first production model, produced from 1970 to 1975 (a total of 2136 vehicles were produced). Ammunition was initially 1,250 20 mm rounds and 2,500 machine gun rounds. - "Marder"
with a Milan ATGM launcher installed on the turret. The modification was developed in 1975; between 1977 and 1979, ATGMs were installed on all 2,136 vehicles. The ammunition load includes six Milan ATGMs. - Marder 1 A1
- a modernized version, developed in 1979-1980 and put into production in 1981-1982. The electromechanical turret rotation mechanism was replaced with a more powerful one. The 20-mm cannon was equipped with a selective power mechanism, allowing it to switch from firing high-explosive fragmentation shells to firing armor-piercing shells. A shot with an armor-piercing DM63 sub-caliber projectile was added to the cannon's ammunition load; in addition, the ammunition load was increased to 1,284 rounds (of which 317 were armor-piercing). It was planned to equip about 1000 vehicles with a passive infrared sight with a thermal imaging indicator[3], but in fact it was installed on 674 vehicles. - Marder 1 A1A3
- Marder 1 A1 with new SEM 80/90 radio. - Marder 1 A2
- a variant of the modernization carried out in 1984-1991. - Marder 1 A2A1
- Marder 1 A2 with new SEM 80/90 radio. - Marder 1 A3
- modification of 1989.[4] The booking weight has been increased by 1600 kg in order to:
— the vehicle is indestructible in the forward sector of the BPS shelling by 30-mm BMP-2 cannon shells; — to enhance the protection of horizontal surfaces (hull roof and turret) from damage by cumulative cluster munition combat elements through the use of spaced armor.
- Marder 1 A4
is a variant of the Marder 1 A3 with the new SEM 93 cryptographic radio. - Marder 1 A5
is a modernized version of the Marder 1 A3, developed in 2003–2004. Additional mine protection was installed, and the interior was completely changed in order to reduce damage to the crew and troops in the event of a mine explosion. During the modernization, 74 Marder 1 A3 vehicles were updated. - Marder 1 A5A1
is a modernized version of Marder 1 A5, developed in 2010–2011. An air conditioning system, multispectral camouflage of the hull and electronic warfare systems are installed. About 35 units underwent modernization.
Also, based on "Marder"
were created and adopted by the Bundeswehr:
- Roland self-propelled air defense system with two missiles in readiness and eight in reserve
- surveillance vehicle with radar on a hydraulically controlled base.
Combat service
Marder deploys with German peacekeepers in Kosovo, 1999.
With the first unit deployed in the summer of 1971, the Marder IFV remained untested in combat for 38 years until July 2009, when they defended a German combat outpost against the Taliban in the Chahar Dara district of Afghanistan's Kunduz province, killing and wounding dozens of fighters. Since then, Marders has taken part in heavy fighting several times. The vehicles proved extremely useful and were highly regarded as a great tactical asset by the German forces. However, the crews were subject to great physical strain as none of the vehicles were equipped with air conditioning systems. Two Marders were damaged by improvised explosive devices during the German-led offensive against the Taliban at Quatliam, 31 October 2010. Later in the battle, codenamed "Operation Halmazag" by the Coalition, the Marders fought off the Taliban attempting to outflank positions that were held by German paratroopers. In June 2011, a German Marder was destroyed near Kunduz by a 200 kg (440.91 lb.) IED, killing one soldier and wounding five others.
Marder was also deployed during the Kosovo War as part of the German peacekeeping force sent. They didn't see the fight, however.
Design
Armored hull and turret
The armored body is welded from steel sheets up to 30 mm thick and completely sealed (personnel can stay inside the vehicle for 24 hours). The tower is of a welded structure, made of steel armor, and the level of protection can be enhanced. The stern plate has a door that allows for quick landing and disembarkation of troops while the vehicle is moving.
In 1988, a program was launched to modernize the vehicle to the A3 level, under which the Thyssen-Henschel company received a 10-year contract to upgrade 2,100 Marder 1 A1/A2 series vehicles to the A3 level at a rate of 220 vehicles per year. The first batch of Marder 1 A3 entered service with the ground forces on November 17, 1989. The intended purpose of the program is to ensure that infantry fighting vehicles are indestructible in the forward sector of fire from armor-piercing sub-caliber projectiles of the 30-mm 2A42 cannon, the main armament of the Soviet BMP-2. The modernization of the infantry fighting vehicle included: modification of the hull and turret with the installation of additional passive protection with a total mass of 1600 kg (while the total mass of the vehicle increased by 5.5 tons), in particular, a 10-mm steel sheet-screen on the VLD with the formation of a spaced barrier, conformal hinged armor linings on all sides of the turret, longitudinal box-shaped armored structures of trapezoidal cross-section on both sides of the hull, and additional roof armor for protection against cluster munition combat elements.
The vehicle's capacity is 10 people, including three crew members, two of whom (commander and gunner) are in the turret, and the driver is in front of the hull on the right. The fighting compartment is located in the middle part of the hull.
Armament
The infantry fighting vehicle is armed with a 20 mm RH 202 automatic cannon and a coaxial 7.62 mm MG3 machine gun mounted on a carriage on top of a two-man turret. The Rh 202 cannon is loaded with 20x139 mm cartridges. Another 7.62 mm MG3A1 machine gun is located on the roof of the troop compartment and has a remote control. In 1979, an experienced Marder with a turret stabilized in three planes was tested.
For the Marder 2 double turret, Rheinmetall AG developed the Rh 503 gun with an interchangeable 35 and 50 mm caliber barrel and elements of the feed mechanism. The gun has electromechanical drives for the reloading system, a variable rate of fire of 150 and 400 rounds/min, and double-sided linkless power supply. The 35 mm barrel was supposed to be used for training purposes, and the 50 mm for combat purposes. A 7.62 mm machine gun is paired with the cannon. Also, a Panzerfaust 3 grenade launcher with a firing range of up to 1000 m can be mounted on the left side of the turret, but firing from it requires stopping, the grenade launcher exiting the vehicle and removing the RPG from the mount. Therefore it is used very rarely.
Surveillance and communications equipment
According to German tradition, the Marder is abundantly equipped with surveillance devices. In addition to three prism blocks, the driver has a removable illuminated night vision device that operates at a distance of up to 50 m. While driving, he uses two folding rearview mirrors. There are 8 observation blocks installed along the perimeter of the commander’s cupola. The gunner has at his disposal three prism blocks installed on the left side of the tower at the junction with its roof. Each shooter has his own prism viewing block. On the left side of the carriage, an infrared and white light spotlight is mounted on a special rod, operating at a distance of up to 800 and 1000 m, respectively. Two headlights are installed in front on the front plate. Reflectors and side lights are installed at the stern. The latter are located so that, based on the degree of their visibility, the driver of the car behind can determine the distance while marching at night or in fog. The BMP's fire control system includes a new commander's day/night sight with a built-in thermal imager and laser rangefinder, a gunner's sight and an electronic ballistic computer.
Engine and transmission
The engine and transmission compartment is equipped with a four-stroke six-cylinder V-shaped multi-fuel diesel engine MV833 Ea-500 with turbocharging. Power 600 hp at 2200 rpm, compression ratio - 19.5. Three fuel tanks with a total capacity of 652 liters are installed in the combat and troop compartments. This is enough for 520 km of highway travel, and up to 600 km on good German roads. Lubrication system - dry sump. The HSWL-194 Renk hydromechanical transmission, installed in front of the engine, includes a hydrodynamic transformer and a hydrostatic gearbox mounted in a single unit. The gearbox is planetary, with a torque converter at the input and a reverse mechanism. The presence of a torque converter reduces the load on the parts and components of the transmission, but at the same time it has low efficiency, produces additional heat and reduces the power reserve, so it is turned on only for starting, in difficult road conditions and when changing gears, and is blocked in other modes. The gearbox provides 4 forward and reverse gears, shifting is carried out by an electro-hydraulic drive.
Chassis
Tracks with rubber-metal hinges, torsion bar suspension with hydraulic shock absorbers. When creating the chassis, elements of the Leopard 2 tank chassis were used [ source not specified 2035 days
]. Control - car-type steering wheel. The stepless turning mechanism allows you to quite smoothly change the turning radius of the machine. A torque converter, planetary steering mechanisms and servos greatly facilitate the driver’s work.
The marder is equipped with air conditioning and fire-fighting equipment with two double-extinguishing cylinders - the first is activated by a signal from temperature sensors, the second by a manual switch on the control panel. The vehicle is powered by a 9 kW generator and six batteries with a total capacity of 300 Ah, the on-board voltage is 24 V. There are tow hooks with locks on the lower glacis plate and the stern, and a handrail bracket above the stern door to facilitate landing.
Links
World of Tanks Resources
- Tank science
- Thread on the official forum
- Recordings of battles on Marder II
On the Internet
Marder II (English) // Wikipedia
German technology
| Light tanks | I Leichttraktor • II Pz.Kpfw. II Ausf. D • II MKA • II Pz.Kpfw. 38H 735 (f) • II Pz.Kpfw. 35 (t) • II Pz.Kpfw. I • II Pz.Kpfw. II • III 43 M. Toldi III • III Pz.Kpfw. 38 (t) • III Pz.Kpfw. III Ausf. E • III Pz.Kpfw. II Ausf. J • III Pz.Kpfw. I Ausf. C • III Pz.Kpfw. II Ausf. G • III Pz.Kpfw. T 15 • IV Pz.Kpfw. 38 (t) nA • IV Pz.Kpfw. II Luchs • V VK 16.02 Leopard • VI VK 28.01 • VII Aufklärungspanzer Panther • VII Spähpanzer SP IC • VIII leKpz M 41 90 mm • VIII leKpz M 41 90 mm GF • VIII HWK 12 • VIII HWK 30 • IX Spähpanzer Ru 251 • X Rheinmetall Panzerwagen |
| Medium tanks | III Großtraktor – Krupp • III Pz.Kpfw. IV Ausf. A • III Pz.Kpfw. S35 739 (f) • IV Pz.Kpfw. III Ausf. J • IV Pz.Kpfw. IV Ausf. D • IV VK 20.01 (D) • V Pz.Kpfw. III Ausf. K • V Turán III prototípus • V Pz.Kpfw. III/IV • V Pz.Kpfw. IV hydrostat. • V Pz.Kpfw. V/IV • V Pz.Kpfw. V/IV Alpha • V Pz.Kpfw. IV Ausf. H • V Pz.Kpfw. T 25 • V VK 30.01 (H) • VI Pz.Kpfw. IV Schmalturm • VI VK 30.01 (D) • VI VK 30.02 (M) • VII Panther/M10 • VII Panther • VII VK 30.02 (D) • VIII Panther mit 8.8 cm L/71 • VIII Schwarzpanzer 58 • VIII Panzer 58 Mutz • VIII M48A2 Räumpanzer • VIII Indien-Panzer • VIII Panther II • IX E 50 • IX T 55A • IX Kampfpanzer 50 t • IX Leopard Prototyp A • X E 50 Ausf. M • X Leopard 1 |
| Heavy tanks | IV Pz.Kpfw. B2 740 (f) • IV Durchbruchswagen 2 • VI Tiger 131 • VI VK 30.01 (P) • VI VK 36.01 (H) • VII VK 45.03 • VII Tiger I • VII Tiger (P) • VIII VK 100.01 (P) • VIII VK 168.01 (P) • VIII VK 168.01 Mauerbrecher • VIII VK 75.01 (K) • VIII E 75 TS • VIII Löwe • VIII Tiger II • VIII VK 45.02 (P) Ausf. A • IX E 75 • IX Mäuschen • IX VK 45.02 (P) Ausf. B • X E 100 • X Pz.Kpfw. VII • X Maus • X VK 72.01 (K) |
| Tank destroyer | II Panzerjäger I • III Marder II • IV StuG III Ausf. B • IV Jagdpanzer 38(t) Hetzer • IV Marder 38T • V StuG IV • V Pz.Sfl. IVc • V StuG III Ausf. G • VI Dicker Max • VI Jagdpanzer IV • VI Nashorn • VII E 25 • VII Krupp-Steyr Waffenträger • VII Jagdpanther • VII Sturer Emil • VIII Ferdinand • VIII Kanonenjagdpanzer 105 • VIII Rheinmetall Skorpion G • VIII Rheinmetall Skorpion • VIII Jagdpanther II • VIII 8.8 cm Pak 43 Jagdtiger • VIII Rhm.-Borsig Waffenträger • IX Jagdtiger • IX Waffenträger auf Pz. IV • X Grille 15 • X Jagdpanzer E 100 • X Waffenträger auf E 100 |
| self-propelled guns | II G.Pz. Mk. VI (e) • III Sturmpanzer I Bison • III Wespe • IV Pz.Sfl. IVb • IV Sturmpanzer II • V Grille • VI Hummel • VII GW Panther • VIII GW Tiger (P) • IX GW Tiger • X GW E 100 |
Anti-tank self-propelled guns
| USSR technology | II AT-1 • III SU-76I • IV SU-85A • IV SU-76M • V SU-85 • V SU-85I • VI SU-100 • VI SU-100Y • VII ISU-122S • VII SU-152 • VII SU-100M1 • VII SU-122-44 • VIII ISU-152 • VIII ISU-130 • VIII T-103 • VIII SU-130PM • VIII SU-101 • IX Object 704 • IX Object 263 • X Object 268 • X Object 268 Option 4 |
| German technology | II Panzerjäger I • III Marder II • IV StuG III Ausf. B • IV Jagdpanzer 38(t) Hetzer • IV Marder 38T • V StuG IV • V Pz.Sfl. IVc • V StuG III Ausf. G • VI Dicker Max • VI Jagdpanzer IV • VI Nashorn • VII E 25 • VII Krupp-Steyr Waffenträger • VII Jagdpanther • VII Sturer Emil • VIII Ferdinand • VIII Kanonenjagdpanzer 105 • VIII Rheinmetall Skorpion G • VIII Rheinmetall Skorpion • VIII Jagdpanther II • VIII 8.8 cm Pak 43 Jagdtiger • VIII Rhm.-Borsig Waffenträger • IX Jagdtiger • IX Waffenträger auf Pz. IV • X Grille 15 • X Jagdpanzer E 100 • X Waffenträger auf E 100 |
| US technology | II T3 HMC • III T56 GMC • IV M8A1 • IV T40 • V M10 Wolverine • V T67 • VI T78 M18 Hellcat • VI M36 Jackson VII Scorpion VII T28 Concept • VII Super Hellcat • VII T25 /2 • VII T25 AT • VIII TS-5 • VIII T28 • VIII T28 Prototype • IX T30 • IX T95 • X T110E3 • X T110E4 |
| French technology | II Renault FT AC • III FCM 36 Pak 40 • III Renault UE 57 • IV Somua SAu 40 • V M10 RBFM • V S35 CA • VI ARL V39 • VII AMX AC mle. 46 • VIII AMX AC mle. 48 • VIII AMX Canon d'assaut 105 • IX AMX 50 Foch • X AMX 50 Foch (155) • X AMX 50 Foch B |
| UK technology | II Universal Carrier 2-pdr • IV Valentine AT • IV Alecto • V Archer • V AT 2 • VI Churchill Gun Carrier • VI Achilles • VI AT 8 • VI Excalibur • VII Challenger • VII AT 15A • VII AT 7 • VIII AT 15 • VIII Charioteer • VIII Turtle Mk. I • IX Tortoise • IX FV4004 Conway • X FV215b (183) • X FV4005 Stage II • X FV217 Badger |
| Chinese technology | II T-26G FT • III M3G FT • IV SU-76G FT • V 60G FT • VI WZ-131G FT • VII T-34-2G FT • VIII WZ-111-1G FT • VIII WZ-120-1G FT • IX WZ-111G FT • X WZ-113G FT |
| Swedish technology | II Pvlvv fm/42 • III Ikv 72 • IV Sav m/43 • V Ikv 103 • VI Ikv 65 Alt II • VII Ikv 90 Typ B • VIII UDES 03 • VIII Strv S1 • IX Strv 103-0 • X Strv 103B |
Sources
- Below The Turret Ring. Marders to Jordan. December 22, 2016
- ↑ 12
The Military Balance 2020, p.108 - N. Mishin. Modernization of the Marder infantry fighting vehicle // Foreign Military Review, No. 2, 1981, p. 88
- Marder 1 Infantry Combat Vehicle
- The Military Balance 2020, p.267
- The Military Balance 2020, p.343
- The Military Balance 2020, p.394
- Editor-in-Chief: Chris Bishop. "Modern military equipment." page 46
