Engine MTZ 80; device and characteristics of D-240

The MTZ-80, MTZ-82 and MTZ-80L, MTZ-82L tractors are equipped with a four-cylinder, four-stroke diesel engine with a nominal power of 80 hp. pp.: respectively D-240 (with electric starter) and D-240L (with starting engine). The D-240 engine has a torque of 28 kgf*m, which is enough to complete most of the tasks. The design solution was to use a non-separated type working chamber on the power unit. In addition, there is double fuel injection, with the formation of working fluid vapors by volume and distribution of the fuel in the form of a film over the cylinder and piston. Thanks to the solution, it is possible to obtain an effect using the engine resource and realize the potential. Thus, the dynamic characteristics of the unit are higher, which makes it possible for the motor to cope with a large number of assigned goals. In order to improve mixture formation, the designers made the working chamber in the form of a ball; this creates vortex flows inside the chamber and uses the generated heat effectively. The power plant produces 80 horsepower at 2200 min-1 crankshaft revolutions. Such indicators guarantee traction in the rev range. High-strength gray cast iron helps the cylinder block of the power unit avoid thermal deformation. The material made the motor heavy, the mass of the D-240 engine is 430 kg, this justified itself, since the motor does not have diseases inherent in similar mechanisms.

Technical characteristics of the MTZ-80 d-240 engine

• Engine model – D-240 Traction class – 1.4 t. • Power (Diesel) – 59 (80) kW/l. With. • Number of forward/reverse gears – 18/4 Tractor dimensions length/width/height – 3815/1970/2470 mm. • Front/rear wheel track – 1200–1800/1350–2100 mm. • Weight - 3160 kg. • Speed ​​range – from 1.3 to 35 km/h. • Agrotechnical clearance – 470 mm. • Turning radius – 4.1 m.

Diesel D-240, four-stroke, four-cylinder, water-cooled engine, produced by the Minsk Tractor Plant. The working volume of the cylinders was 4.75 liters. At a nominal speed of 2200 rpm. min. this engine produces 80 hp. Semi-separate combustion chamber. The diesel engine weighs 430 kg. Some modifications include the installation of a pre-heater PZHB-200B. There are two options for starting the engine: electric starter, or using a starting carburetor engine. There is a start lock in case the tractor is stopped at speed.

To ensure that this reliable engine does not let you down and works like a clock, it is necessary to carry out technical inspection and maintenance every: 60, 240 and 960 engine hours. A complete list of work for each maintenance is described in the operating instructions.

The engine uses an undivided combustion chamber with volume-film mixture formation. Part of the injected fuel is sawn into the volume of the combustion chamber, and the other spreads over its surface, forming a thin film. The first part of the fuel is intensively mixed with the flow of compressed heated air, actively evaporates and burns: the process of so-called preliminary ignition of the fuel occurs. The combustion chamber is given a tent shape, which helps create turbulence in the air flow and better mixing of fuel and air. The second part of the fuel (in the form of a film) evaporates from the inside, being heated from the wall of the combustion chamber, and from the outside, in contact with the flow of compressed heated air (subsequent ignition of the fuel). The gradually developing process of fuel combustion creates conditions for economical and, as they say, soft operation of the engine, which is characterized by gradually increasing loads on the crank mechanism.

Engine D-240 of the MTZ-82 tractor: design, repair and characteristics

» Engine D-240 » Engine D-240 of the MTZ-82 tractor: design, repair and characteristics

The MTZ-82 tractor is equipped with a four-cylinder, four-stroke diesel engine D-240 with an electric starter (D-240L with a starter). Engine power is 59 kW or 80 hp.

Engine photo

Engine device

The D-240 engine has an undivided combustion chamber with volume-film formation of the working mixture. One part of the injected fuel is sprayed into the volume of the combustion chamber, and the other spreads over its surface, creating a thin film. The first part of the diesel fuel is actively mixed with the flow of heated compressed air, and intense evaporation and combustion occurs - the process of preliminary ignition of the fuel occurs. The tent shape of the combustion chamber promotes the formation of turbulence in the air flow and better mixing of air and fuel. Part of the fuel, in the form of a film, evaporates, heating up from the flow of compressed hot air and the wall of the combustion chamber. The gradually created process of fuel combustion creates the conditions for soft, economical operation of the engine.

Like any similar diesel engines, the D-240 engine consists of a gas distribution (GRM) and crank mechanism (CVM), as well as systems: cooling, lubrication, starting and power.

Device D-240

1 - nozzle; 2 — block head; 3 - sleeve; 4 - piston; 5 - combustion chamber.

Engine D-240: a - right view;
b - left view : 1 - oil pan; 2 — back sheet; 3 — flywheel crown; 4 - oil filler neck; 5 — fuel coarse filter; 6 — air cleaner; 7 — exhaust manifold; 8 — cylinder head; 9 — electric torch heater; 10 - generator; 11 — thermostat housing; 12 - fan; 13 - water pump; 14 — fan belt; 15 — front support; 16 — crankcase; 17 — centrifugal oil filter: 18 — breather; 19 — oil gauge; 20 - fuel pump; 21 - nozzle; 22 — emergency stop mechanism; 23 — intake manifold; 24 — fine fuel filter; 25 - starter.

Engine D-240L (left view)
: 1 - starting engine air cleaner;
2 - starting motor; 3 - starting motor starter; 4 - starting motor gearbox (other parts are the same as those of the D-240 engine in the figure above). Figures a and b show a general view of the D-240 engine, and the bottom figure shows a general view of the D-240L engine. These drawings not only give an idea of ​​the appearance of the engine, but also allow you to familiarize yourself with the relative location of its main and auxiliary components, mechanisms and devices. Like any diesel engine, the D-240 (D-240L) engine consists of a number of mechanisms and systems. The main ones are crank and gas distribution mechanisms and lubrication, cooling, power and starting systems. The crank mechanism
serves to convert the rectilinear reciprocating motion of the piston into the rotational motion of the crankshaft.
The gas distribution mechanism
is designed to admit portions of air into the cylinder and exhaust exhaust gases from it at strictly defined moments and periods of time.
The lubrication system
serves to supply lubricants to rubbing parts in order to reduce friction between them, as well as partially remove heat.
The cooling system
is necessary to maintain normal engine thermal conditions.
Diesel engines use a liquid (usually water) cooling system. The power supply system
is designed for accurately dosed and timely supply of fuel to the engine cylinders.
The starting system
is used to start the engine.
High pressure fuel pump
. If the diesel engine does not start or does not develop the required power, then the cause is a malfunction of the fuel system. Associated factors in this case are the presence of air plugs in fuel lines and filters, wear of pump elements and injectors, and incorrect installation of the fuel injection pump. The exact identification of a faulty part is the color of the smoke from the exhaust pipe. If the smoke is white, then the reason is definitely not in the fuel pump, but in the operation of the cooling system. If the smoke is gray or black, then this indicates oil getting into the combustion chamber, misfiring in the cylinders, or sticking of the needle in the nozzle body. To replace pump parts, it is partially disassembled. The nozzle must be replaced if there are cracks or kinks on it. The figure below (a and b) shows sections of the D-240 (D-240L) engine, which allow you to familiarize yourself with its general structure and examine its main mechanisms, components and systems.

Engine D-240 (D-240L): a - longitudinal section;
b - cross section: 1 - crankshaft; 2 - oil sump; 3 — oil pump receiver; 4 - oil pump; 5 — shock absorber; 6 - fan; 7 - water pump; 8 — piston pin; 9 - piston; 10 - valve; 11 — rocker shaft; 12 — air cleaner; 13 — rod; 14 - flywheel; 15 - camshaft; 16 — connecting rod; 17 — sleeve; 18 — oil filter; 19 — fuel coarse filter; 20 — exhaust manifold; 21 - head; 22 — head cover; 23 — cover cap; 24 — electric torch heater; 25 — intake manifold; 26 — nozzle; 27 — fine fuel filter; 28 - fuel pump.

Engine repair D 240

Repair of YaMZ 240 and MTZ 240 engines is recommended to be carried out exclusively in special workshops.

Piston group

Parts are replaced when increased crankcase oil consumption or increased penetration of gases into the crankcase is noticed. The parts most susceptible to wear are rings, piston, connecting rod bushings, liners, and connecting rod bearing shells.

If the gap between the piston grooves and the ring is exceeded, the piston must be replaced. Piston rings must be replaced if the gap in the lock exceeds 4.0 mm.

Cylinder block

The main problems of the block include warping of the parting plane, wear of the chamfers of the valves and sockets, the presence of cracks in the bridges, and burnout of the seats for the injector seals.

If the protrusion of the valve stem exceeds 57.2 mm, then this indicates serious wear of the valve plates and their seats. If the sinking of the valve plates exceeds 0.7 mm, then the cylinder head is replaced.

Water pump

A large amount of steam, water or oil leakage, noise and frequent knocking indicate a failure of the normal operation of the cooling system. Its degree depends on the amount of liquid, the degree of wear of the impeller blades and pump walls, the condition of the radiator and other factors.

Noise and knocking indicate wear on the pump bearings or a loose seat for the drive pulley. Therefore, it is recommended to replace the bearings and sealing washer.

If there are cracks in the pump housing, it must be replaced or repaired.

High pressure fuel pump

If the diesel engine does not start or does not develop the required power, then the cause is a malfunction of the fuel system. Associated factors in this case are the presence of air locks in fuel lines and filters, wear of pump elements and injectors, and incorrect installation of the fuel injection pump.

The exact identification of a faulty part is the color of the smoke from the exhaust pipe. If the smoke is white, then the reason is definitely not in the fuel pump, but in the operation of the cooling system. If the smoke is gray or black, then this indicates oil getting into the combustion chamber, misfiring in the cylinders, or sticking of the needle in the nozzle body.

To replace pump parts, it is partially disassembled.

The nozzle must be replaced if there are cracks or kinks on it.

Engine D-245

Diesel D245 is a 4-stroke piston four-cylinder internal combustion engine with an in-line vertical cylinder arrangement, direct injection of diesel fuel and compression ignition. Turbocharging is used. The positive qualities of diesel engines in general are, without a doubt, known to all motorists. The main factor is, of course, the high efficiency of diesel compared to its gasoline counterpart. Reduced fuel consumption and its lower cost make cars equipped with MMZ D-245 engines a lifesaver not only for small and medium-sized businesses, but also for large construction and agricultural companies. After all, the greater the capacity of the equipment in use, the higher the final savings. In addition, no one can dispute another positive quality of diesel fuel - its ability to act as a natural engine lubricant.

Technical characteristics of the D-245 engine

Factory configuration of the D-245 engine

Have you decided to buy an MTZ engine?
Use our tips! The first thing you should pay attention to is the price of the engine. The fact is that it is possible to buy a good quality MTZ engine only at an adequate price. The problem of quality/price ratio is especially acute with used mechanisms. Therefore, we recommend buying a new MTZ engine. This way you will protect yourself from all kinds of breakdowns and malfunctions. Buying an MTZ engine with a guarantee is very simple - just find a suitable model in our catalog and fill out an application. When purchasing an MTZ engine, check the availability of all components. We do not recommend purchasing an MTZ engine without first inspecting all systems. After delivery of the unit, carefully check the condition of the tractor unit. This is the only way you can buy a high quality MTZ engine.

MTZ engine: D-260, D-245, D-240. Characteristics, configurations and buying tips.

The MTZ tractor engine is a powerful mechanism that converts energy to perform various work.
In MTZ agricultural machinery, thermal energy is generated by combustion of fuel in the engine cylinders. That is, the MTZ engine is a type of internal combustion device. Engine D 260

Diesel engines D-260 and their modifications are 4-stroke, piston, six-cylinder internal combustion engines, with a single-row, vertical cylinder arrangement, equipped with a direct fuel injection system and ignition of the fuel mixture from compression.

The D 260 engine and their modifications are used as power units for energy-rich wheeled tractors and road construction equipment.

Technical characteristics of D-260

Engine D245

Diesel D245 is a 4-stroke piston four-cylinder internal combustion engine with an in-line vertical cylinder arrangement, direct injection of diesel fuel and compression ignition. Turbocharging is used.

The positive qualities of diesel engines in general are, without a doubt, known to all motorists. The main factor is, of course, the high efficiency of diesel compared to its gasoline counterpart.

Technical characteristics of the D-245 engine

Factory configuration of the D-245 engine

Engine D-240

The MTZ-82 tractor is equipped with a four-cylinder, four-stroke diesel engine D-240 with an electric starter (D-240L with a starter). Engine power is 59 kW or 80 hp.

Technical characteristics of D-240

Have you decided to buy an MTZ engine? Use our tips!

The first thing you should pay attention to is the price of the engine. The fact is that it is possible to buy a good quality MTZ engine only at an adequate price. The problem of quality/price ratio is especially acute with used mechanisms. Therefore, we recommend buying a new MTZ engine. This way you will protect yourself from all kinds of breakdowns and malfunctions. Buying an MTZ engine with a guarantee is very simple - just find a suitable model in our catalog and fill out an application.

When purchasing an MTZ engine, check the availability of all components. We do not recommend purchasing an MTZ engine without first inspecting all systems. After delivery of the unit, carefully check the condition of the tractor unit. This is the only way you can buy a high quality MTZ engine.

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