How to check battery charging from a generator: charging diagram

When starting the car, the battery emits electric current and is discharged. When the car engine is running, the generator produces energy. The on-board electrical station of the car, when the rotor and stator windings interact, produces an alternating three-phase current. The resulting energy replenishes the battery and powers the vehicle's electrical system.

Why does the alternator not charge the car battery?

If the generator does not recharge the battery while the engine is active, the latter will quickly discharge to zero. This will become obvious when the engine is subsequently started.

If the charge arrives, but not in full, then detecting the shortage is much more difficult. This will require special equipment, skills, and knowledge.

To help the driver, most modern batteries are equipped with “eyes” - indicators that show the charge online. Green color – charge is within acceptable limits. White – lack of electrolyte, black – discharge to zero, electrolyte leakage, damage, depressurization.

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Boat Battery Maintenance

Add distilled water to batteries with liquid electrolyte.

Record the density of the electrolyte and the amount of added water . Record the density of the electrolyte after taking the measurement. This data will allow you to further assess the condition of the battery, warn you of impending problems and allow you to avoid troubles on the water.

Keep the top battery cover clean. Dirt, water, or electrolyte on the battery cap creates a path for current to flow to ground. Even a small current will drain the battery after a while. To neutralize the acid, wipe the battery with a soft cloth soaked in a solution of soda or ammonia, but never pour soda directly onto the lid. Soda that gets inside the case through the ventilation holes can cause the electrolyte to boil and damage the cell.

Periodically
remove the cable from the batteries and clean the terminals from corrosion.

Fully charge batteries if you are leaving them unused for one to two weeks . All batteries are self-discharging and will discharge during storage. The rate of self-discharge depends on the ambient temperature and the design of the battery. Batteries with liquid electrolyte discharge faster than AGM and gel batteries. Liquid acid batteries lose an average of 0.7% per day at 25C and 1.75% at 38C. The higher the temperature, the faster the battery discharges. Gel and AGM batteries discharge approximately 0.1% per day.

If batteries with liquid electrolyte are left discharged for more than a month, especially during the summer, sulfation will occur due to self-discharge, lead sulfate will harden and the battery will be permanently damaged. For long-term storage, recharge batteries with liquid electrolyte at least once a month. Gel and AGM batteries can be stored for several months without recharging. In cold climates, a full charge is necessary to prevent the electrolyte from freezing. Charging a battery with frozen electrolyte may cause it to explode.

Store batteries in a cool place . The battery loses capacity at elevated temperatures, whether it is in use or not. These losses in capacity are not recoverable and are part of the aging process of the battery. In general, for every 8 C increase in temperature, the expected battery life is cut in half. Batteries must be stored in a cool place, preventing the electrolyte from freezing

Simple methods and diagrams for connecting a car generator

The main source of electrical energy in any vehicle is the generator. Thanks to this unit, all electrical equipment of the car is powered, so it should always be operational. What is the generator connection diagram, what is its structure and principle of operation, and how to diagnose the unit? We will talk about this below.

Generator faults

If there is no current leakage, and the trips are quite long, then the battery is not charging enough. It is important to know what kind of charging a working generator should provide. With the engine running, you need to check the voltage at the battery terminals.

Without turning on additional electrical appliances, the voltmeter should show values ​​of 13.5 - 14 volts, this is exactly the charge that a working generator should produce. If the voltage on the voltmeter is low (less than 13 volts), then you should begin to identify the reasons why the system is not giving a full charge.

The scheme for charging a battery from a generator is simple; it is often directly connected to the main output of the generator, using a thick cable, and sometimes even two.

A modern generator is a durable device; all “childhood diseases” have long been resolved. However, without timely maintenance and replacement of consumable parts, it may break.

If you have the proper knowledge, it is not difficult to identify generator malfunctions; this will require a minimum of tools. It is better to carry out the check according to the same principle of eliminating possible causes from simple and cheap to complex and expensive.

Belt tension

If the drive belt breaks or stretches over time, the generator will “slip” under load. The need for tightening is indicated by a whistle that disappears when the gas is applied.

Bearings

The generator rotor rotates on bearings. If they jam or fall apart, the generator will not work. When replacing or tightening the belt, you should unscrew and shake the pulley; there should be no backlash, jamming, or extraneous knocks or hums.

To replace the bearings, the generator will have to be completely disassembled; you will need bench tools, a vice and pullers.

If the bearing falls apart, the armature touches the stator windings, resulting in a short circuit. As a rule, such a generator must be replaced.

Excitation check

In most cars, a separate live wire comes to the alternator to begin producing electrical current.

This is called "excitement." To prevent the device from burning out and consuming electricity when the ignition is turned off, current is supplied through a resistance - a light bulb on the dashboard. If the light does not light up when you turn on the ignition, then no current is supplied to the battery.

Diagnostic procedure:

• With the ignition on, use a test light to check whether there is voltage at terminal “30” of the generator. As a rule, small blue wire
• If there is no voltage, check the fuses.
• The fuses are ok, check the light on the dashboard.
• If the light bulb is OK, check the electrical circuit: fuses - ignition switch - dashboard - generator. We eliminate broken or frayed wire insulation.

Generator brushes

Carbon current collectors wear out over time.

We remove the voltage regulator (in the everyday life of car enthusiasts it is called “chocolate”), check the length of the carbon brushes. Brushes that are short or stuck in the body may not fit tightly. They are soldered or replaced along with the regulator.

When replacing brushes, it is worth assessing the condition of the rotor's current collector copper tracks. If the brushes have gnawed deep grooves, the tracks will need to be disassembled and replaced. This operation is only possible in a specialized workshop - the tracks are welded or soldered, pressed onto the shaft “hot”.

Diode bridge

At night, the following effect may be observed: the headlights burn brighter as the engine speed increases. This indicates damage to the regulator or diode bridge. What could be the reason why the generator does not charge.

The regulator can be replaced with a known good one, and if the defect is not corrected, you need to check the diodes. They serve to straighten current fluctuations. There are three windings on the generator stator; they alternately produce electric current. Each winding produces a current “burst”, the voltage rises and falls. The diode is needed to regulate the voltage, resulting in a constant current without voltage surges.

Diodes are checked using a multimeter or oscilloscope. A diode passes electric current in one direction, but not in the other.

It is better to replace diodes with melting or mechanical damage. It’s easier and more efficient to order a whole diode bridge; it looks like a horseshoe.

Winding breakdown.

If a short circuit occurs between the housing and the stator or rotor windings, the generator will not work. In some cases, the defect is not externally noticeable, but smoking or sparking may occur.

A breakdown can be diagnosed using a 3-volt test light or a multimeter.

• Voltage is applied to the contacts of the generator removed from the car , is connected to the housing.
• one wire of the control light to the battery ground, the second to the body.
• Slowly rotate the pulley.
• If the light comes on, there is a short circuit.
• The stator or rotor windings will have to be rewound or the entire device must be replaced.

Calculations of alternating electric current circuits Laboratory TOE

The operational properties of a DC generator are determined by the magnitude of the voltage change when the load current changes.

The dependence of the generator voltage U on the load current I (or armature current) at a constant speed n and a constant resistance of the field winding circuit is called the external characteristic.

From a comparison of the external characteristics shown in Fig. 3, it can be seen that the voltage at the terminals of a generator with parallel excitation (curve 1) decreases with increasing load current to a greater extent than that of a generator with independent excitation (curve 2).

The generator voltage is determined by the following expression:

where rya is the resistance of the armature chain;

I is the armature current. (In generators with parallel excitation, the armature current is taken equal to the load current I, since the excitation current IB is small).

Rice. 3. External characteristics of generators

A decrease in voltage with increasing load current (or armature current) occurs for the following reasons:

— increase in voltage drop in the armature circuit (Iаrа);

— the armature reaction has a demagnetizing effect on the magnetic flux of the poles. As a result, the EMF decreases.

— in generators with parallel excitation, the field winding current IB decreases. A decrease in current IB causes a decrease in magnetic flux, EMF and generator voltage. The consequence of this is a further decrease in the excitation current and demagnetization of the poles.

Rice. 4. Regulating characteristic

A generator with independent excitation does not have a third reason, so the voltage changes less intensely.

The regulation characteristic (Fig. 4) shows the dependence of the excitation current IB on the load current I at a constant voltage at the generator terminals U and a constant rotation speed n. The regulating characteristic shows how the excitation current needs to be changed so that the generator voltage remains unchanged.

DC generators are used in electrochemistry to power electrolysis baths, for welding, as exciters for synchronous machines, in controlled electric drives, etc.

Work assignment

a) Generator with parallel excitation

Prepare a laboratory experimental setup to determine the basic characteristics of a parallel-excited generator. The installation diagram is shown in Fig. 5. The following designations are used in the diagram:

Check out the booth equipment. Write down the passport data of the 2PN90MUHL4 type DC machine used as a generator:

Features of idle charging for batteries in winter

For cars, “idle” is usually called the speed during which there is no load on the internal combustion engine (the car is stationary). At this time, the following processes occur:

• maintaining the motor in working condition;
• the main fluids are heated to operating temperatures;
• all systems come to a working state.

Manufacturers set their own idle speed values ​​for different brands of cars. If some indicators in reality turn out to be lower, then this is a sign of imbalance in systems and processes.

It is worth considering that the process of transferring charge to the battery does not depend on the seasons. This principle is observed at various temperatures. A peculiarity of the process in the cold season is that during cold weather the battery begins to take a charge worse. The process noticeably stabilizes as soon as the engine under the hood warms up the surrounding volume well.

The main reason for a poor battery start in winter is frequent short trips. During such sections of the path, a sufficient amount of current is not received, which gradually leads to complete discharge.

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Troubleshooting

We exclude damage to the battery, the list of reasons for insufficient charge is significantly narrowed:

• The fuse has blown: a yellow indicator on the dashboard will indicate a breakdown. The exact fuse index is indicated in the instruction manual. Replace it with a new one, the damage should disappear;
• Broken alternator belt: a very common case, especially in domestic car brands. Failure to comply with maintenance schedules is the main cause of failure. Replace with a new one yourself, contact a service station for specialist help;
• Insufficient belt tension: during the use of the car, systematic starts, the tension weakens, and the shaft slips when starting. The first sign is the appearance of a grinding or squeaking sound when starting the engine. The breakdown can be eliminated by increasing the tension if there is a power reserve. But it is better to replace the entire drive belt. This is easy to do, a task that a car enthusiast can do;
• Mechanical damage to electrical wiring, contacts, limit switches: most likely, the negative consequences of an accident, impact, collision. You can check the integrity of the circuit with a multimeter. Remove problem areas and replace with new ones;
• Oxidation of contacts, carbon deposits: consequences of poor contact on terminal blocks. We clean the terminals with sandpaper and install them in their original place;
• The generator voltage regulator is damaged: the described breakdown is extremely rare. Elimination by replacing the regulator with a new one. Cannot be prevented or partially repaired;
• The diode bridge is faulty: most likely there are breakdowns on the housing, resulting in a short circuit. Since the part cannot be prevented, replace it with a new “bridge”.

Typical signs of a diode bridge failure:

• Rapid battery discharge;
• The candle core is white;
• Weak power of the standard fan and air conditioner; the speed does not increase when the lever is rotated;
• Dim headlights when the engine is running.

Checking the health of the diode bridge:

• We start the power unit;
• Using a multimeter, measure the voltage at the battery terminals;
• We periodically increase the speed and measure the actual voltage.

If the generator is in good condition, the voltage will increase. Otherwise, the breakdown is obvious.

To minimize the likelihood of battery or generator failure, periodically check the voltage. It should not be lower/higher than 13/14 Volts. If the voltage is higher, it means the density is increased; it must be diluted with an electrolyte, distilled water.

Recharge the battery quarterly until the missing amount of energy reserve is completely restored. The average charging cycle is 8 – 9 hours.

Systematically check the integrity of the electrical wiring, contacts, and tightness of the terminals.

Low voltage, and power circuits are working...

If the output power circuits are working properly, and the gasoline generator still produces low voltage, you should proceed to the next step - diagnosing the AVR generator voltage regulator. Diagnostics should again begin with a visual inspection of the voltage regulator unit. If burn marks are clearly visible on the AVR unit or if the capacitor is clearly swollen, then with a high degree of probability the reason for the absence or low voltage of the generator is hidden here.

What needs to be done: replace the voltage regulator unit with a new or working one. If you do not have the opportunity to purchase or borrow at least temporarily a known-good voltage regulator, you can read how to repair the AVR yourself using improvised means.

Energy consumption values ​​for different equipment

When charging your battery at the so-called “idle speed” does not give the desired result, the culprits may be some consumers included in the on-board network. Such electrical appliances, depending on the brand of car or model of electrical equipment, are capable of absorbing up to a quarter of a kilowatt. Let's look at the table of popular energy “eaters” in a car.

The total power consumption turns out to be significant enough for one generator to withstand without the help of a battery. When certain values ​​are reached, the system connected by wiring will necessarily switch to partial removal of energy from the battery to reduce overload.

How it works

Power take-off box for Kamaz cars
The main purpose of an electric generator is the conversion of mechanical energy into electrical energy. The unit is based on an engine that runs on almost any fuel, depending on the generator model.

Usually gasoline, diesel fuel or gas is used. When fuel burns, a gaseous mixture is formed, which drives the piston. When moving, the piston rotates the crankshaft attached to it, which, in turn, serves as a driver for the drive shaft.

Now let's look at the structure of the unit. The two key elements of the mechanism are the stator and the rotor. The first part is stationary and consists of a copper winding with a soft metal core. The second element is movable; it creates a magnetic field that generates electrical energy.

In addition, electric generators for home must include a voltage regulator and a cooling system in the design. The first element ensures optimal output voltage, the second protects the mechanism from overheating.

How to connect a generator

The connection diagram for each car is individual. To understand in detail, see the drawings in the operating instructions for your technical device.

Classic connection type:

• Fixing the generator in its regular place, usually to the left of the cylinder block;
• Tensioning the drive belt to rotate the crankshaft and generate charging;
• On the back of the generator there is a connection for the power cable through which current is supplied from the battery. And also, 2 – 3 limit switches for connecting to the vehicle’s electrical circuit.

To carry out diagnostic and preventative work, contact specialized service centers.

How does a car's energy system work?

The three-phase generator produces alternating current, and the power supply is designed for direct current. Therefore, through the rectifier, energy is supplied to the battery, and from there it is distributed to consumers. If the battery does not receive energy from the generator, it will run out and the car will lose power. The battery cannot be fully charged from the car's internal network. External recharging is required periodically.

Generator models

The following generator models are very popular for dachas and private homes:

1. Kipor 5kva. Gas single-phase asynchronous generator, rated power 4.5 kW. Equipped with auto start, self-monitoring system and voltage stabilizer. Price 111 thousand rubles.
2. KraftDele KWD-6500. German three-phase diesel generator with a rated power of 6.5 (maximum 7.5 kW) and a service life of 100 thousand hours. Equipped with a self-monitoring system, voltage stabilizer and autostart. Price 85 thousand rubles.
3. FORTE FGD6500EW. German welding diesel generator producing voltages of 12, 380 and 230 V. Rated power 6.5 kW, maximum 7.5 kW. Equipped with a stabilizer, auto start, and a self-control system. Price 81 thousand rubles.
4. Honda EG 5500CXS. Gasoline single-phase generator, power 5.5 kW. Equipped with the AVR function, costs 124 thousand rubles.
5. WERK WPG6500. Chinese single-phase gasoline generator, power 5.5 kW (max. 6.5 kW). Produces alternating current of direct conversion; it is not equipped with automation. Price 74 thousand rubles.
6. Lifan LF5GF-4ES BF. Chinese single-phase gasoline and gas electric generator, rated power 5 kW. Equipped with AVR, auto start, and a built-in digital panel provides parameters about the output voltage, load current, frequency of the generated current, total load power and engine hours from the moment of the first start. Price 75 thousand rubles.
7. Dalgakiran DJ 4000 DG-EC. Diesel Turkish mini alternating current generator of synchronous type with autostart, short circuit and overload protection, rated power 3.3 kW. The single-cylinder engine of the device is equipped with an air cooling system. Price 91 thousand rubles.

We invite you to look at a review of this generator.

Mini generators

At home or in a summer cottage, the large power of a generator in most cases remains unclaimed, and then efficiency, small dimensions and weight, and the low price of the device come to the fore.

Inverter and mini-generators have positive reviews from consumers, as they meet most of the requirements for them:

Let's start getting acquainted with mini-generators with a model from FoxWeld

1. FoxWeld G950 mini. Single-phase two-stroke gasoline generator, power 750 W (maximum 850 W). Ghtlecvjnhtyf overload protection, 220/12 V socket. The engine is air-cooled. Price 10 thousand rubles.
2. Briggs&Stratton ProMax 10 3500A. Petrol single-phase mini generator from an Italian company, with a rated power of 2.7 kW (max. 3.4 kW), with auto start. Has a built-in voltage stabilizer and alternator (alternating current generator). Price 49,000 rub.
3. Foreman BG 2500. Chinese single-cylinder four-stroke synchronous gas generator with a power of 2.5 kW. Has an automatic output voltage regulator. Price 38 thousand rubles.

The last generator and its launch are shown in the video

When choosing an electric generator, you need to decide on the power of the connected devices, the type and duration of the load, operating conditions, and take into account the positive reviews of people who have used the device.

If you need to turn it on for a short time and a small load, it is recommended to purchase a gasoline or gas electric generator. If you plan to connect powerful devices in the form of pumps, welding, concrete mixers, or use the device for a long time, diesel generators will be the most reliable, as they have a longer service life, lower power losses, are more economical and are adapted for long-term operation.

Two types of boat batteries

Starter batteries

The starting current of boat engines reaches 1000 A. Current strength is the amount of charge passing through the surface per unit time. The faster the charge passes and the larger the surface area, the higher the current. The maximum current will be provided by a battery with a large contact area between the electrolyte and lead and a fast chemical reaction. Therefore, the battery case must contain many thin plates with loose active material

However, thin plates and loose active material do not withstand cyclic use - deep discharge and charging. With each cycle, some of the active material falls out of the battery plate grid and accumulates at the bottom of the housing. After some time, the “deposits” grow, short out the plates and the battery fails. When the starting battery is used for its intended purpose, it is rarely discharged by more than a few percent and the amount of active mass deposited is not large.

Service batteries

In a boat electrical system, service batteries act as a buffer between the power source—the generator, charger, or solar panels—and the consumers. This means that batteries are regularly deeply discharged and then recharged. In order for the plates of service batteries to withstand cyclic loads, they are made thicker than in the starting ones, and dense active material is pressed into durable grids, which crumbles less during charging and discharging.

Waterproof devices for open boats:

• Sterling Power PSP1255
• Voltage 12 or 24 Volts
• 10 Amps 10 Amps at 12 Volts. 5 Amps at 24 volts
• 2 outputs
• 1 charging mode
• IP68

ORDER

• Sterling Power BBW1212
• Voltage 12 Volts Input voltage 12 Volts. Output 12, 24 or 36 Volts. Depends on model
• 28 Amps Maximum current consumption. Output current depends on device model
• 1 exit
• 8 charging programs AGM(2), GEL(2), liquid-acid maintenance and maintenance-free, calcium and LiFePO4 batteries. Total 8 charging profiles
• IP68

ORDER

• Victron IP67 24/12
• Voltage 24 Volt
• 12 Amp Adjustable Charging Current
• 1 exit
• 3 charging programs AGM, GEL, liquid acid and LiFePO4 batteries. Ability to create your own charging profile
• IP67 Fully waterproof

ORDER

The cycling of boat batteries is irregular and differs from the operation of traction batteries in forklifts, where the load is predictable and scheduled. Unlike them, batteries on boats often remain unused for a long time

Charging with constant current

Charging the Bosch battery

The charger is set to a current equal to 10% of the rated capacity. For example, a 12 Volt battery with a capacity of 55Ah requires a current of 5.5A, for a 60Ah battery - 6A. In this case, the current strength must be regularly monitored and adjusted, as it tends to go astray.

If the current is maintained at 10% at the end of the charging process, strong gas evolution occurs. Therefore, when reaching 14.4 Volts, the current strength is reduced by 2 times. For maintenance-free batteries, it is halved again when the voltage shows 15 Volts.

Find out the charging time of your battery

A 12 Volt car battery is charged when its voltage and current do not change for 2 hours. For full operation, it is enough to save the parameters for 1 hour. This usually occurs at 16.3(±0.1) Volts.

Voltage-saving charging

A 12 Volt battery will be charged in a day:

For a heavily discharged battery, the current at the beginning of charging can reach high values, which can lead to battery failure, so the indicator is limited to 20A.

As charging progresses, the current decreases and eventually approaches zero. This method does not require constant monitoring by the owner. You can control the process a day after the start by measuring the voltage at the terminals. If it is 14.4(±0.1) Volts, charging is complete. Maintenance-free batteries usually take more than a day to reach this point. On devices equipped with an indication, a signal will light up indicating completion.

Charging calcium batteries

Charging the calcium battery

Old dry-charged batteries are charged with a 10% current; a voltage of up to 16 Volts is permissible for them. The new 12 Volt Ca/Ca batteries quickly fail from such a high voltage.

The maximum permissible value for them is 14.4 Volts at a current of 10% of the capacity. Such charging requires more time, but does not shorten the life of the battery.

Charging 6 Volt batteries

6 Volt batteries are often used in:

• motorcycles, scooters;
• boats;
• trade, warehouse, industrial equipment;
• children's cars;
• wheelchairs.

Given the widespread use of 6 Volt batteries, they are available in a wide range of capacities, they can have either 1.2Ah or 16Ah, or any value in between.
Charging such batteries with a car charger is problematic. Close monitoring and constant adjustment of the current will be required. The risk of overheating is high. The most suitable charger for a 6 Volt battery is the Imax B6 charger or similar. Current 10% of capacity, voltage up to 7.3V.

Charging lithium polymer batteries

Lipo 3.8 V are charged with the devices that come with them, or with chargers like the Imax B6.

The batteries are charged with current from 20 to 100% of the rated capacity. For batteries, smaller values ​​are preferable. The main question is, what voltage does a charged battery show? Having reached 70-80%, charging begins at a constant voltage and decreasing current.

Lithium polymer battery

Special devices for Lipo 3.8 V signal the end of charging when reaching 70-80% capacity. A further increase in density ensures less frequent charging, but shortens the life of the battery as a whole.

When charging 3.8 Volt lithium polymer batteries, the charger should show 4.2 Volts. If you can set it to 4.1 Volts, it will take a little longer to charge, but the battery will last much longer.

Charging the battery without removing it from the car

The methods described above involve charging from a wall outlet, which usually requires removing the battery. However, charging can also occur under the hood. Modern portable devices, such as CTEK, have compact dimensions and allow you to charge a 12V battery under the hood. They can be left overnight so that the battery is in working order in the morning. Such chargers are especially relevant for car owners with calcium batteries.

Charging the battery with a generator

For cars with an internal combustion engine, the battery works in tandem with a generator. When traveling, the generator recharges the battery, which subsequently provides a charge to start the car.

Battery and generator

It is important to follow the manufacturer's recommendations regarding battery capacity. It is closely related to the power of the generator.

If the battery capacity exceeds the recommended one, it will require significantly more time to charge from a standard generator. Often in such cases, the battery does not have time to recharge to the required level and begins to quickly discharge to the point of deep discharge.

When installing a battery with a capacity less than recommended, the generator current turns out to be too high for it, it quickly overheats and may boil.

The service life of the battery in both described cases is sharply reduced.

What voltage a charged battery should display depends largely on its type. We examined the main ones in detail. Gentle charging extends battery life. With timely maintenance, they can last up to 5 years or more.

How long does it take to charge a battery from a generator?

The generator and battery must comply with the technical parameters. A full battery charge is enough for several attempts to start the engine with a break between turns of the starter. In this case, the battery does not receive recharge and may be completely discharged.

How long does it take for the car's alternator to charge the battery? Considering that energy replenishment should not be more than 10% of the battery capacity - quite a long time. The supplied energy is immediately used to recharge operating devices. And only the energy reserve replenishes the battery capacity. How long will it take for a battery that is dead when starting the engine to be charged from the generator?

If the power of the generator matches the capacity of the installed battery, the on-board power plant generates 10% of the energy from the battery capacity. How long does the drive need to charge? If its capacity is 60 A/h, then the generator must produce a current of 6 A, excluding consumers. Therefore, the generator power must be greater to compensate for losses, and service devices are selected comparable to the capabilities of the power unit.

If the battery is not charged from the generator, the reason may be a large number of consumption sources that can take up to 80 A. If the generator’s power is insufficient, or it is faulty, will the battery be charged from it? It is necessary to turn off some of the service equipment - media center, air conditioner and the like.

How much does a generator produce: what to pay attention to

First of all, if there are problems with the battery, you need to check both the battery and the generator. Moreover, it often happens that the generator seems to be working normally, but the battery is not charged enough or the battery charge is high, which leads to the electrolyte boiling. In this case, it is important to determine how much charging from the generator goes to the battery. In other words, you need to know how to test the generator.

As for the main symptoms, the signs of a generator malfunction are as follows:

• the battery icon is lit on the panel;
• the battery does not charge or boils;
• headlights and sidelights shine dimly;
• noises, whistling or grinding noises have appeared in the generator area.

The check begins with inspecting the generator drive belt and its tension, as well as analyzing the performance of other elements (wiring, terminals, connections, generator belt rollers and pulleys, etc.). If there are no comments, then you should evaluate how the generator itself works, whether there is any extraneous noise when the rotor rotates.

If no deviations from the norm are identified, you can proceed to measuring voltage and current. It is necessary to measure voltage, current, resistance. To take measurements, you should have a multimeter or voltmeter on hand (you can also use a load fork).

• So, normally the battery should receive 5-14.5V from the generator. This is the indicator that the generator is required to provide to the battery. If the generator charge is different, then this indicates problems with the unit.

To measure, you need to consider how to check the generator voltage on the battery. There are two ways to do this - you can measure it on the generator, and also through the battery. The fact is that the generator is directly connected to the battery and the potential difference can be measured directly on the battery.

The easiest way is to use a multimeter, which is connected to the battery in any order. If you use a load plug, it must be connected to the battery terminals, and the polarity is strictly observed.

So, the standard voltage in the network should be no lower than 12 volts. If you start the engine, in idling mode and power consumers are turned off, the voltage on the battery should be 13.5-14V. If there is a noticeable decrease in readings (for example, to 13.3-13.8 volts), this is a clear deviation from the norm, indicating a problem.

• Another useful information may be how many amperes the generator supplies to the battery. In fact, this is the current strength, and on different cars it differs depending on the electrical consumers. In this case, the charging current must be such as to ensure the operation of the network and charge the battery.

To measure this indicator, it is necessary to create a load in the vehicle’s on-board network (turn on “heavy” energy consumers) after starting the internal combustion engine. After the engine is started and the consumers are turned off, the charging current is 6-10 amperes, then the figure decreases as the battery charges. If you turn on the dimensions, headlights, heated windows, seats, mirrors, then the charging current increases. If this does not happen, again, there is clearly a problem.

Please note that to accurately determine what the current strength should be for a particular load, you can use the table (the table is often found on specialized forums, in specialized literature, etc.). It contains the data that the generator should produce at different loads. The characteristics of the generator are tied to the number of engine revolutions, that is, the device must produce different current at different speeds.

Let us also add that it would also be a good idea to check the resistance of the generator components (rotor, stator and diode bridge). As for the rotor, resistance is measured on the winding. Simply put, the multimeter probes are connected to the slip rings (readings from 2.3 to 5.1 Ohms will indicate that the element is working). If the winding consumes current between 3 and 4.5 amperes, then this is normal. The operating resistance should be 0.2 Ohm.

To check the diode bridge, it is necessary to determine whether resistance is present or absent, and the indicators themselves are not important. The main thing is that there are no “zero” indicators. You need to measure in pairs (plus and all the plates on this side / minus and all the plates on its side).

How long does it take to charge a car battery from a generator?

How long it takes to charge a car battery from a generator is an imperial indicator. It depends on the ease of starting - how many times the starter was turned. The remaining charge of the battery after a long period of parking varies, as do the temperature conditions. Therefore, restoration of battery capacity depends on the technical parameters of the generator, at what speed it produces current, and how many additional devices are powered.

However, it is known that in order to restore the battery’s ability to start the engine, you need to idle and drive at average speed for at least 20 minutes. To fully restore capacity, it will take at least 3 hours of continuous vehicle movement.

How long a battery is charged from a car generator depends on the ambient temperature and the condition of the battery. But as the electrolyte heats up, the chemical process proceeds faster and less external energy is required. How quickly the charge accumulation process occurs depends most on how long the generator operates. Therefore, on long-distance vehicles, batteries are rarely charged from the network.

Technical characteristics of the generator G250P2

• Direction of rotation (from the drive side) - right;
• Voltage (nominal), V - 14;
• Rated current, A - 28;
• Maximum current, A - 40+-5;
• The frequency of rotation of the generator shaft, at which a voltage at the terminals of 12.5 Volts is achieved at an ambient air and generator temperature of 20 degrees, revolutions per minute: with a current equal to zero: 900;
• at load current 28 A: 2100.

• Number of stator phases (star connected) - 3;
• Number of coils in phase - 6;
• The number of stator coils is 18;
• The number of turns in the stator coil is 13;
• Stator winding - PEV-2 wire, 1.35-1.46 mm;
• Excitation coil - PEV wire, 0.74-0.83 mm;
• The number of turns in the coil is 490+-10;
• Excitation winding resistance at 20 degrees, Ohm - 3.7+0.2;
• Excitation winding current, A - no more than 3.05+-0.2;
• Brush type - M1;
• The force of pressing the springs on the brushes, gf - 180-260;
• Ball bearings: in the front cover: 180603-KS9;

Manufacturers and suppliers of G250P2 generators for the Ulyanovsk Automobile Plant are the ATE-1 enterprise in Moscow and the PRAMO association, the city of Rzhev. These generators are equipped with the UMZ-417 gasoline internal combustion engine installed on the UAZ 469 vehicle.

The emf of the generator is 200 V, and its internal resistance is 0.8 ohms?

The emf of the generator is 200 V, and its internal resistance is 0.8 ohms.

Determine the voltage at the consumer terminals if the current in the circuit is 5A; 10A; 40A.

Question The voltage at the output terminals of the generator varies according to the law u(t) = 280cos100t?, located on this page of the site, belongs to the Physics category and corresponds to the program for grades 10 - 11. If the answer is not completely satisfactory, use an automatic search to find similar questions from the same category, or formulate the question in your own way. To do this, enter key phrases into the search bar by clicking on the button located at the top of the page. Also take advantage of tips from visitors who left questionable comments.

V(speed) = 3m/s. T(time) = o.5h. = 30min = 1800sec. S(distance) - ? 1) convert the hours into seconds: 30×60 (since 1 minute 60 seconds) = 1800 seconds 2) find the path using the formula: S = v×t S = 3×1800 = 5400 meters or 5.4 km.

S is equal to 68 and if you think about it, it’s easier than ever.

The human body tolerates sharp cold more easily than, say, temperatures from minus 5 to 100C. Usually, its increase or decrease is reported by nerve endings located in the skin. These “thermometers” protect our internal organs, providing timely information...

I = q: t = 300: 120 = 2.5A Answer: 2.5A.

S = v * t = 700m/s * 7200s = 5040000 m = 5040 km.

0.9 g: 0.9: 1000 = 0.0009 kg; cm^3 = 0.000001 m^3 / 0.0009: 0.000001 = 900 kg/m^3.

M = 45. 5 * 10 ^ - 3 kg e = 1. 6 * 10 ^ - 19 C m = 9. 1 * 10 ^ - 31 kg Q - ? Q = e * NN = M / m N = 45. 5 * 10 ^ - 3 / 9. 1 * 10 ^ - 31 = 5 * 10 ^ 28 pcs Q = - 1. 6 * 10 ^ - 19 * 5 * 10 ^ 28 = - 8 * 10 ^ 9 Cl.

The rocket's thrust force consists of two forces F = F1 + F2; F1 = mg is the rocket's gravity. If the thrust is less than gravity, the rocket will not move. F2 is the lifting force, which itself accelerates the rocket, giving it acceleration a. By ..