Replacement (SWAP) of a UAZ Patriot engine with Japanese ones from Toyota and Nissan: advantages and disadvantages

Prices for UAZ engines.

Engine UAZ Patriot ZMZ 409 128 - 135 hp.

This engine appeared on the Patriot model from the very beginning and continues to be installed to this day. The power unit is characterized by high fuel consumption and relatively frequent breakdowns:

— endless leaks of lubricant and coolant

- hydraulic tensioner wedge and then timing chain jump

— overheating due to the thermostat or air locks

— progressive oil burn due to the occurrence of rings

— low reliability of sensors and other electrical equipment

The engine has been modernized several times, so the list of problems does not apply to all versions.

Replacing the engine and transmission on a UAZ Patriot with a Japanese diesel one - advantages and disadvantages

Sooner or later, many UAZ drivers come to the idea that they need to replace the UAZ engine (in this article we will also talk about Niva and Gazelle commercial vehicles) with something more reliable, powerful and economical. And all searches in this direction inevitably lead to the choice of an engine like TD27 or QD32 and their turbocharged versions.

As a standard, the UAZ Patriot is equipped with 2.7 liter petrol and diesel engines. They have a low power of 135 hp. s., many car enthusiasts want to increase it. There are two ways to do this - tuning and swap.

In fact, the 32nd differs from the 27th only in cylinder volume and power. Any other differences are not significant. Although, when installing, the work with the QD32 is a little more than with the TD27. It is recommended to install these engines with a Nissan Atlas gearbox. It can be combined with the original gearbox (Dymos), but experts say that this gearbox will not last long.

The TD 27t engine is installed on the UAZ Patriot and Gazelle

What advantages can you expect when installing (replacing) a diesel engine in a UAZ, Niva, Gazelle ? Why do they replace a domestic engine with a foreign internal combustion engine, and even a diesel one?

Native diesel

But with the ZMZ-5143, not everything is so simple; angry reviews about this motor appear on the Internet every now and then, saying that it is unreliable, constantly breaks down and has a short service life. And indeed, for example, the cylinder head is not designed in the best way, the pistons constantly overheat due to an ill-conceived cooling system, and all because the diesel ZMZ-5143 was not made from scratch, but is a deep modernization (remake) from the gasoline ZMZ-406. But by definition, a spark motor cannot be “converted” to a diesel engine, or rather, it can be, but with “jambs”.

According to many Hunter owners, there are situations when the power of their standard engine is not enough. This is especially evident on severe off-road conditions, when there is no point in accelerating too much, and driving slowly is not possible precisely because of insufficient engine traction. This is where the question arises - what engine to put on the UAZ Hunter? If you wish, you can replace the engine with almost any of those that will fit into the engine compartment of your car, and there are a lot of such options.

Choosing an engine to replace the UAZ Patriot - which is better

Most often, car enthusiasts want to install a V6 or V8 engine on the UAZ Patriot. The most popular brand is Toyota. The engines of this company are reliable, last a long time, and do not require repairs up to 400 thousand km. With careful care, they can serve the owner for 1 million km. The easiest way is to find a motor in your city at a car repair shop or on the Internet. You can order contract spare parts from Japan; many companies in the Far East supply them.

Some companies provide a warranty on units. Before purchasing, you cannot check the performance of the motor, so it is better to buy from a supplier who provides a guarantee.

Toyota engine for UAZ Patriot - advantages and disadvantages

The most popular Toyota gasoline engines for UAZ Patriot:

The most popular Toyota diesel engines:

Before purchasing a power unit, calculate how much the amount of horsepower in your car will increase. You will need to register your UAZ Patriot swap with the MREO. If the power becomes too high as a result of this procedure, you may be denied registration. This threatens with a fine when inspected by a traffic police officer or when selling a car.

The first option is to install a motor from a Toyota Surf car. In addition, to install a new engine you do not need to have engineering knowledge; for this you simply need to purchase a unit. There are some features for installing a Toyota Surf engine in a UAZ. Let's look at them briefly:

V8 engine on UAZ Patriot from GAZ 53 - advantages and disadvantages during installation

The famous GAZ-53 truck with a V8 engine, which means it has eight cylinders, is still used today. The car has an excellent engine that can be installed on the UAZ Patriot. The V8 engine from the GAZ-53 has a power of 115 hp. and considerable torque. In addition, this unit perfectly replaces the standard SUV engine.

To realize your dream of installing a V8 engine in your car, you need to replace the exhaust system, transfer case and gearbox. After installing the V8 engine, you can feel the power of the SUV, which is ready to overcome difficult off-road conditions and obstacles, and to pass through swamps, ponds and snowdrifts. With the V8 engine from the GAZ-53, the SUV is not afraid of high-speed driving on the highway.

With the new V8 engine, the Patriot is much louder, which is exactly how it should be. Domestic-made engines are famous for their endurance and efficiency, so by installing such a V8 engine, you can forget about the standard engine forever, since you will never want to return it.

The GAZ engine is more powerful than the standard one from the Patriot. But its main advantage is reliability, which cannot be said about modern engines.

Advantages and disadvantages of installing a Nissan engine in a UAZ Patriot

If you have the desire and finances, then you can install a more powerful engine on the UAZ Patriot than the GAZ-53. This is a Nissan Kid 32 engine from the Galagrin company.

The power of such a unit is approximately 150 hp, which is more than necessary. It should be noted that this unit from the Nissan Kid 32 is diesel. 150 hp also suitable for electronically controlled units. With manual control, power drops to 135 horsepower.

Of course, no one says that the Nissan Kid 32 engine is installed new; you can install a contract one. The reason is that new units must comply with the Euro 4 environmental standard. After replacing the standard engine with a Nissan Kid 32, the UAZ Patriot SUV is characterized by the following parameters:

Installing a Kamins engine on a UAZ Patriot - advantages and disadvantages

In conclusion, I would like to note the advantages of the Cummins engine, which are also excellent for a new generation SUV. First of all, it should be noted that Cummins is exclusively engaged in the production of diesel engines, famous for their durability, efficiency and safety.

Cummins engine - advantages and disadvantages of installation on a UAZ Patriot

Cummins engines are installed in Gazelle cars. Cummins is suitable for those types of vehicles that are designed for off-road and asphalt conditions. Therefore, if you often drive your car on mixed types of roads, then Cummins will be the optimal solution. To summarize, it should be noted that today we have looked superficially at the types of engines, both domestic and imported, that you can install on your SUV. In many cases, of course, modifications are required, but still, replacement is done at home. It’s up to you to decide which motor to install: imported or domestic, the main thing is that the chosen option fully satisfies your needs.

Diesel: advantages

Perhaps the main advantage of this type of engine is, of course, savings. In the modern world, when prices are rising, including for gasoline, changing the engine means winning on fuel. Firstly, diesel always consumes less fuel than an engine running on gasoline. On average, this figure is about thirty percent. And the fuel itself is almost ten percent cheaper than gasoline - again, this is the national average.

The efficiency of a diesel engine is about forty percent - this is if the engine is not new. And more powerful units, which have intercooling and turbocharging, generally provide an efficiency of more than fifty percent.

The resource of a diesel engine is almost one and a half times longer than that of its gasoline counterparts.

These are the main positive aspects of engines of this type. Now to the cons.

Design of ZMZ-51432

• The cylinder block and engine head of the UAZ are made of aluminum alloys by casting, which made it possible to significantly reduce the weight of the unit.
• The engine has overhead camshafts, separate for intake and exhaust valves.
• The timing mechanism is driven by a chain through an intermediate shaft. Calming the beating of the chain and its tension is carried out by hydraulic tensioners and chain stabilizers.
• The attachments are driven using poly-V-belts; a toothed belt is used as a drive to the fuel pump.
• To adjust the thermal gap in the valve mechanism, hydraulic compensators are used.
• Each combustion chamber has 4 valves, two inlet and two exhaust.
• The power plant has a right-hand rotation of the crankshaft and a piston group operating cycle of 1 – 3 – 4 – 2.
• The combined lubrication system has a full-flow oil filter.
• The engine cooling system is liquid type, closed, with forced circulation of the coolant. The operating temperature of the cooling system is from 60 to 110 degrees.
• Supercharging is carried out using a turbocharger driven by exhaust gases.

UAZ Patriot with diesel engine

The Patriot with a diesel engine was produced until the end of 2015. The latest series of cars came with a ZMZ 51432 engine that complies with Euro 4 standards. The increased torque made it possible to improve the dynamic characteristics of the car up to a speed of 120 km/h. Further acceleration is limited by the capabilities of the transmission, which requires 6th gear (crankshaft speed exceeds 3000 rpm). When driving in city mode at a speed of 60-70 km/h, fuel consumption ranges from 10 to 12 liters per 100 km.

The disadvantage of the engine is low torque at low shaft speeds. During acceleration, the effect of a delay in the operation of the turbocharger (“turbojam”) is felt; the torque plateau begins at 1800 rpm. The unit maintains torque at 270 N*m (52 ​​N*m more than its gasoline counterpart) until 2800 rpm, and then the curve drops down. For example, at 3500 rpm the torque decreases to 225-230 N*m.

When driving off-road in a low gear, “turbo lag” is not felt in the transfer gearbox. The torque reserve allows you to get out of liquid mud or loose soil without switching to a reduced speed in the main gearbox.

Diesel engine.

But a diesel engine with precision fuel injection equipment is sensitive to impurities and debris in diesel fuel, which leads to failure of the injectors and high-pressure pump. An additional disadvantage was the increased cost of such vehicles. Therefore, after restyling the Patriot SUV in 2021, the Ulyanovsk Automobile Plant stopped offering them to customers.

Engine life on UAZ

One of the main characteristics of the engine that interests the car owner is its service life. In fact, it is not entirely correct to use the term “engine life”, since the life of the engine and the mileage before failure or the need for major repairs depends on many factors. In particular, engine life is reduced by low-quality fuels and, to an even greater extent, by oils, use of the car in difficult road conditions (off-road), driving habits, etc.

Therefore, manufacturers set different warranty periods for motors. Now ZMZ and UMZ provide a guarantee on their engines from 12 to 36 months, or for mileage from 30 to 100 thousand kilometers.

However, in real conditions, most UAZ engines operate longer. For example, with active use in the city and rural roads, the engine can operate uninterruptedly for 2 years, or travel over 120 thousand kilometers. With more careful operation, ZMZ and UMZ motors can travel up to 300, and in other cases, up to 500 thousand kilometers without problems.

But with high mileage, it is necessary to overhaul the engine (since worn-out parts simply cannot provide the necessary parameters), and in some cases, completely change the power unit. And at the current prices of UAZ engines (from 63 to 208 thousand rubles), it is often much easier and cheaper to buy a new engine than to repair an old one.

Why are Toyota engines installed on the UAZ Patriot?

The stock ZMZ 409, which in its latest version is called ZMZ PRO, is a rather controversial motor.
It eats oil and consumes gasoline (12 l/100 km), and in general it breaks down often. And the power at best is only 150 hp. With. Agree, it’s not enough for a rogue. You can, of course, try to tune the engine, improve its performance and always struggle with breakdowns. However, there is a more interesting option - to equip the car with a different power unit. For example, a large and reliable Toyota 3UZ-FE. This is a long-lived motor; according to owners, its service life is up to a million kilometers, and the few “sores” can be cured relatively easily and cheaply. Moreover, with an engine power of at least 282 hp. pp., his appetite is comparable to ZMZ 409 - 10-14 liters per hundred. And in general, the result is improved dynamics on the highway and increased cross-country ability off-road.

Prices for a turnkey swap (a slang name for replacing one unit with another), in which you do not have to select spare parts and think about how to install everything, start from 500,000 rubles and practically do not depend on the region in which you live.

The price includes 3UZ-FE with automatic transmission and all conversion work. You can also install another engine, for example, the legendary 2JZ-GE inline six. The cost will not change much, since the main cost is work, but upon registration the tax will be noticeably lower, since the power here is less than 250 “horses”.

To register all the alterations with the traffic police (also on a turnkey basis with your minimal participation or even under a general power of attorney), you will have to pay from 60,000 rubles. All together it turns out to be quite expensive, considering that the price is comparable to the cost of the new Patriot.

Of course, installing a more powerful engine, in addition to the mandatory tuning of the “brains” and the fuel pump, may require modifications to the gearbox, transfer case, axles, brake system, and exhaust. Stock Patriot spare parts are simply not designed for the power and dynamics of Japanese V8s.

The gearbox is usually replaced together with the engine itself. The transfer case holds its own, although the services have offers to replace it (change it to a Toyota Hilux Surf) - plus 100,000 rubles to the total price.

However, the cost of a new Toyota Land Cruiser Prado of similar power starts from 4 million rubles, and a used one in good condition starts from 1.5 million, while a similar car will have a mileage of more than one hundred thousand km. With this comparison, replacing a motor no longer seems so expensive.

True, with completely new UAZs problems may arise at the registration stage. 3UZ-FE is certified to Euro-4 standards, and the latest ZMZ PRO engines are already certified to Euro-5, and lowering the environmental standard is not allowed...

Source

1KZ-TE

You can install a Japanese 1KZ-TE or 2L-T engine on the UAZ hunter; in the case of the latter, you will have to grind a plate about 2 cm thick under the front driveshaft, and also move the main cooling radiator a little forward. The 1KZ-TE is one of the best Japanese diesel engines, and soon after its release, it replaced the older 2LT engine. The three-liter 1KZ-TE has a cast iron block, maximum torque is available from 2000 rpm, and power is about 130-140 horsepower. It has 2 valves per cylinder, and the average consumption is around 7 liters!

The disadvantages include: the use of an electronic injection pump, which is undoubtedly a disadvantage in terms of reliability. When replaced, such a high-pressure fuel pump will cost you a very significant amount, so it is recommended to take an older variation of the 1KZ-T engine with a mechanical high-pressure fuel pump. A complex timing system along with flat pistons (without grooves for the valves) also do not add to its reliability, because if the belt breaks, the pistons with a 99% probability will meet the valves, resulting in expensive repairs.

Instructions for replacing and registering the UAZ Patriot engine with the traffic police

Checking the internal combustion engine number when registering a car
In total, all of the above stages of the algorithm for replacing an engine with a Japanese diesel can amount to within 5,000 rubles and from 10 to 30 days, depending on efficiency, the time of passing authorities and payment for services. All that remains is to pass the technical inspection and go.

How to buy an engine for UAZ.

Buying an engine is very simple.

• Select the engine model yourself from the list
• Ask a question to the manager
• Write to us via the feedback form, do not forget to indicate the correct email address, and, if possible, indicate your contact phone number and city.

Payment

For the engine, 100% prepayment is required to our account or in another way as agreed with the manager.

Delivery

Delivery is carried out only by transport companies, or you can pick up the engine yourself from our warehouse.

Example of engine tuning

Tuning engines installed on UAZ vehicles is not so easy to do. Any interference with the motor may result in a decrease in traction force. And the models of many engines are outdated, so too many innovations and changes can play a cruel joke on them.

It is possible, of course, to modernize some mechanisms and systems. Changes to the piston group must be carried out with caution, following the instructions. The piston rings are replaced with forged ones, which are of higher quality and stronger. The well-known company “Götze” produces just such rings. If desired, you can install other parts, but the work will require a professional approach and the appropriate tools.

The crankshaft is being balanced

You can balance the crankshaft of a UAZ 31514 car at home only with a flywheel. By installing the crankshaft on one of the ribs of the T-shaped plates, the heaviest point is determined. The crankshaft will roll along the plates until it stops with the heaviest point down. From this point you will need to remove a small layer of metal, periodically checking the result.

The timing belt has a number of features, so it is better for non-specialists not to change its design. Moreover, the camshaft is tuned only for sporting purposes. If something goes wrong, engine performance will only worsen.

The intake and exhaust manifolds on the UAZ 31514 are tuned by many car owners. The primary task is to eliminate the step between the windows and the collectors. The holes often don't line up.

Serrations inside the commutator bore can be removed by rough machining or more thorough polishing. This modification will improve engine performance in terms of uniform filling of the cylinders and improve its performance.

Replacing the engine and transmission on a UAZ Patriot with a Japanese diesel one - advantages and disadvantages

Sooner or later, many UAZ drivers come to the idea that they need to replace the UAZ engine (in this article we will also talk about Niva and Gazelle commercial vehicles) with something more reliable, powerful and economical. And all searches in this direction inevitably lead to the choice of an engine like TD27 or QD32 and their turbocharged versions.

As a standard, the UAZ Patriot is equipped with 2.7 liter petrol and diesel engines. They have a low power of 135 hp. s., many car enthusiasts want to increase it. There are two ways to do this - tuning and swap.

In fact, the 32nd differs from the 27th only in cylinder volume and power. Any other differences are not significant. Although, when installing, the work with the QD32 is a little more than with the TD27. It is recommended to install these engines with a Nissan Atlas gearbox. It can be combined with the original gearbox (Dymos), but experts say that this gearbox will not last long.

The TD 27t engine is installed on the UAZ Patriot and Gazelle

What advantages can you expect when installing (replacing) a diesel engine in a UAZ, Niva, Gazelle ? Why do they replace a domestic engine with a foreign internal combustion engine, and even a diesel one?

Domestic "eight"

V-shaped 8-cylinder engines are also often installed on UAZs, but not from foreign cars, but from domestic production. For example, the ZMZ-523 engine is a carburetor with a volume of 4.7 liters. It was also installed on GAZ trucks and PAZ buses. With a V8 engine, you simply won't recognize your car - it will be so pleasant to drive.

If you decide to install one, be sure to tighten all the bolts and check the valve clearances. To “make friends” of this engine with the gearbox, you will have to drill new holes in the clutch housing. To ensure everything works out exactly, take the old and new “bells” and figure out where the holes should be, and then use a tap to cut the thread for the M12 stud.

Changes in the UAZ 31514 carburetor

You can try replacing the original carburetor with a new, more efficient one, which has a forced idle economizer and ventilation of the float chamber. The Solex carburetor company has proven itself better than others in the market.

You can do without replacing the old carburetor with a new one, and to improve performance, work some magic on what you have. First, change and improve the needle valve of the float system. Clean the jets and cross-section them. Only such a procedure is fraught with an increase in fuel consumption, so the matter should be approached with caution. If properly modified, the accelerator pumps will operate without failure.

It is worth paying attention to the purpose of the carburetor and not choosing a Lada mechanism for the UAZ 31514. Otherwise, due to the difference in volumes and sizes of diffusers, it will not be possible to achieve normal operation of the device.

Carburetor for UAZ 31514 engine

It is advisable to replace the air filter immediately. The original UAZ filter will not work for long and is inferior in characteristics to the Volgov filter, which is recommended to be installed. In addition, these filters are easier to maintain. Over time, you can reduce the resistance of the intake tract.

We should also talk about the cooling system. On UAZ 31514 and 3160, as a rule, radiators from the SHAAZ plant are installed. They have significantly higher heat transfer and fairly simple installation. It would be nice if, in addition to everything else, an electric fan was installed on the UAZ 31514.

Repairing engines on a UAZ 31514 is a fairly simple procedure. Any details, diagrams, pictures can be viewed and ordered both on the Internet and at any car dealership. Since the car is produced in Russia and most of the parts for it are manufactured at the native plant, spare parts for the engine are much cheaper than foreign ones, but are not inferior to them in quality.

The main advantage of UMZ and ZMZ engines is the ability to replace faulty and failed parts with original spare parts. Spare parts for foreign engines are not always available from suppliers and are often not supplied to Russia at all; they have to be replaced with copies, which are often not always ideally suited.

The UAZ engine can be ordered at the factory and received in a fairly short time and at a reasonable price, if such a need suddenly arises.

More specifically about ZMZ

Engines of this type have already been discussed above. Many car owners say the main disadvantage of such an engine is low power. Indeed, for UAZ cars, with a fairly large weight and high requirements for cross-country ability, the engine is considered a burden. And its resource is on average 100,000-150,000 kilometers, which is not much. Despite the fact that spare parts for it can be found in abundance at any spare parts store, all of them are not of very good quality. Which also does not make good advertising for the engine.

But there are also advantages: they note that it is very easy to install and repair in case of breakdown, literally in the field. Not picky about the weather. A simple hard worker, without foppery, who fits any UAZ car.

What engines are on the Patriot?

The following engines were factory installed on Patriot cars:

The UAZ plant did not use other power units on the assembly line for the Patriot. The cars may have other engines installed by the owners themselves. Attempts to use Mahindra mHawk products (India) or the Yuchai YC4Y engine (China) did not lead to the creation of a production model of the SUV.

Power plants are designed to use 5-speed manual transmissions of the original design or Hyundai Dymos (depending on the year of manufacture of the car). In 2021, information appeared about the enterprise’s readiness to begin installing an automatic transmission.

2016 SUV 1 3163

With the UAZ Patriot 2021, the plant offered customers a 135-horsepower ZMZ 40906 unit, adapted for operation on A-92 gasoline and higher. Fuel consumption in the combined cycle, depending on load and driving conditions, ranges from 11.5 to 14.6 liters per 100 km. From the middle of the 2021 UAZ Patriot, the 150-horsepower ZMZ 409051 Pro entered the assembly line, which replaced its predecessor. Diesels are not included in the UAZ production range.

2014 SUV 1 3163

The cars used gasoline engines ZMZ 40905 and 40906, which develop power of 128 and 135 hp. SUVs equipped with the ZMZ 51432 diesel engine were produced in small batches. But due to low demand, the plant abandoned the use of diesel engines, concentrating on assembling cars with gasoline power plants.

2005 SUV 1 3163

The cars were equipped with engines with distributed injection of gasoline ZMZ 40905, which developed a power of 128 hp. SUVs with an early version of the ZMZ 514 diesel engine (113 hp) and with an imported Iveco F1A diesel unit (used in 2008-2011) were produced in small batches.

Engines with compression ignition differed in displacement (2235 and 2287 cm³, respectively). Despite reduced fuel consumption and increased torque, diesel power plants were not popular with buyers.