Do you need a permit for an air pistol: documents for weapons, pneumatic guns, rifles, for carrying air guns and pneumatic guns in Russia

Author: Maxim Potashev

The choice of self-defense tools is impressive: everything from gas cans to firearms can be purchased in special stores. The only question that arises is what documentation is needed to obtain a weapon, and do you need a permit for an air pistol? Not only residents of disadvantaged areas of the city are interested in this, but also ordinary citizens - for sport shooting. All aspects of purchasing traumatic weapons in Russia are described below.

Do I need permission?

To determine which pneumatics require a permit, it is necessary to check each instance for compliance with the standards specified by law. This applies to pcp air rifles, and to svd, and to the Izh 61 rifle, and to air guns, as well as to Hatsan pneumatics.

The need to obtain permission appears when the weapon has the following parameters (for example, pneumatic PM) or exceeds them:

Muzzle energy	7.7 J.
Bullet speed	150 m/s.
Caliber	4.5 mm.

Watch the video:

In all other cases, there is no need to contact the Ministry of Internal Affairs with a request to create a permit. A person will be able to use weapons completely freely.

A permit for pneumatic weapons in Russia allows you to freely purchase, store and use pneumatic weapons with powerful technical characteristics for their intended purpose. If a weapon exceeds the listed parameters, a permit for it is required.

If this requirement is not met, an administrative penalty will follow, imposed in accordance with Article 0.8 of the Code of Administrative Offenses of the Russian Federation.

If you are interested in how to increase the power of an air pistol, then this is the place for you.

What does the law say?

In the main provisions of the Federal Law “On Weapons” you can find out that weapons are divided into two subclasses

Firearms.
The cartridge receives its directional trajectory due to the energy of the powder charge.
Pneumatic.
The bullet receives directional movement due to the energy of the gas.

We are interested in the last point. Pneumatics is also divided into two subclasses:

Sports.
Muzzle energy is more than 3 J, but does not exceed 25 J.
Hunting.
Muzzle energy above 25 J.

The question arises - how are pneumatics with muzzle energy up to 3 J qualified? The law does not consider such samples to be weapons

, so anyone can buy them and do whatever they want with them. In federal law they are specified as “a design similar to an air gun.”

Storage and circulation of sports pneumatics. The law prohibits:

Storage
. If the muzzle energy exceeds 7.5 J, it is prohibited to use and store such samples outside the sports facility. At home, the presence of a safe is mandatory.
Transportation
. Transportation is carried out by authorized persons in transport that meet special requirements established by law.
Wearing
. Citizens are prohibited from carrying weapons while participating in rallies, demonstrations and when attending public events.

How to get permission?

When purchasing powerful pneumatic weapons in 2020, a license will be required. It must be taken before purchasing the product, since without presenting this document the seller will not be able to sell the selected product.

Before applying for a permit, you should decide in advance on the following questions:

Purposes of use.
Desired company and modification.

The purpose of use for individuals is usually defined as the need for self-defense or the desire to learn sports shooting or participate in competitions.

If the type of weapon is not selected, you can look at catalogs or read recommendations on choosing the best parameters. We wrote about how to choose an air rifle here.

The need for air guns

In most cases, traumatic pistols are purchased for self-defense, sport shooting or entertainment:

Self-defense
. Pneumatics serve as a psychological influence for the bully. It is impossible to wound an attacker unless the bullet hits the eye or temple. The charge will not get stuck in the attacker's muscle mass, and the effect of use will be similar to being hit by a cobblestone - a severe bruise.
Sports
. A person is interested in weapons and plans to devote his life to sports (pistol shooting, biathlon) or service in government law enforcement agencies (Ministry of Internal Affairs, National Guard). With the air gun he will have an excellent chance to improve his sniper skills.
Entertainment
. While relaxing in nature with friends, you can organize a shooting competition at empty beer cans.

While having fun, you should follow the main safety rules - do not point the gun at a person:

Accidental shot
. Even if you are using a pistol made by a reputable manufacturer, do not forget about the popular proverb that “even a stick shoots once a year.”
Stranger.
When pointing a gun at a stranger, you should remember that the person may have health problems, for example with the blood vessels of the brain or heart. Excessive excitement can provoke a stroke or heart attack, and the “joker” will need to call an ambulance, and subsequently answer questions from law enforcement agencies.

Submitting an application to the LRO

The Licensing and Permitting Department is authorized to review applications and issue weapons permits. To find out the location of the LRO to which a person is assigned based on registration, you need to contact the police department or local police station. You should immediately ask about the organization’s work schedule.

When visiting the LRO, you need to take the following documents with you:

Statement. It is advisable to draw it up in advance.
Original passport with a photocopy (without notarization).
Medical report on successful completion of a psychiatrist, narcologist, therapist, ophthalmologist.
Certificate of completion of training.
A certificate confirming successful passing of exams on the safety rules required to comply with when handling weapons.
Photo 3x4.
Payment of the state duty and a receipt confirming its successful dispatch. Funds must be deposited only at a Sberbank branch.
Hunting license. Required if the purpose of obtaining a permit is hunting. This document can be ordered in person at the MFC or through the State Services portal without leaving your home. To obtain a hunting license you will need almost the same list of documents as for a license for pneumatics.

LRO employees are required to consider the submitted application within 10 days. After this period, the applicant receives a notification of the decision.

When the issuance of a permit is approved, you must come to the LRO within 14 days to receive a ready-made document. Only after this procedure can you purchase the air gun you like.

See photo:

Weapon license

A license is issued for only one weapon. The validity period lasts half a year. It should also be renewed at LRO. You will have to contact this organization before the license expires. If you miss its expiration date and do not renew it, you can only get this paper again after a year.

You need to prepare for the fact that a positive answer does not always come. In case of refusal to issue a permit, you can contact the LRO again to find out the reasons. If they are illegal or untrue, you can file an application with the court.

Under what conditions can it be worn?

The legislation determines which types of pneumatic weapons require a special permit, and which can be carried without permitting documentation.

Today, many Russians have a desire to purchase pneumatics, but they are stopped by the fact that they do not know the answers to the following questions:

how complex the procedure is;
what papers should be collected to implement the plan;
where to apply for a permit and what kind of permit you need to get in order to carry or keep weapons at home without fear of punishment, etc.

The need to obtain a license will depend on which model a person chooses, or more precisely, on such an indicator as muzzle energy. And there are also some features of obtaining permits depending on the caliber.

Sample passport of a pneumatic weapon:

Submitting an application: how to complete it?

In the upper right corner of the application it is indicated that it is being sent to the GUOOOP of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia or the territorial body of the Ministry of Internal Affairs. The full initials of the head of the department are written. Below you should indicate from whom the application is being sent. Enter your full name and full residential address.

The main part of the application follows the established template. A list of types of weapons for the use of which a person wishes to obtain permission is presented.

In this video you will be introduced to the rules for storing weapons by civilians at your place of residence.

In the case of pneumatics, you will need to emphasize hunting or sports pneumatic weapons. The chosen type of pneumatics should be emphasized.

If this application is approved, a person will not have problems either with the purchase or with the lawful use of pneumatics. Also, permission is immediately issued not only for the weapon itself, but also for suitable cartridges for it.

The feasibility of purchasing traumatic weapons

Before buying a traumatic weapon, you need to pay attention to the following points:

Efficiency
. The use of air guns for effective self-defense is overrated. The attacker will most likely be very angry, and it will definitely not be possible to avoid physical contact with him.
Reliability
. The probability of a traumatic weapon misfiring is very high. In such cases, a law-abiding citizen should rely on his feet.
Attention law enforcement.
When registering a weapon with a power of more than 7.5 J, its owner will be “on a pencil” with the police. In the event of an armed robbery, with the initial check, they will most likely go to him.

Education

There are educational organizations that provide training on the rules of safe use of weapons. They can be found by advertisements posted near gun stores or permitting points. You should call the selected offers and compare the cost.

You can choose an organization at your own discretion, but before agreeing to take a training course, you must ask for a copy of the organization’s certification document to conduct weapons handling classes for subsequent exams.

The training course includes the following stages:

Theoretical part . Participants are told about the provisions of the law “On Weapons” and other regulations, compliance with which is mandatory when owning weapons, and are told about penalties for violations. Describes the rules for the safe use of pneumatics in all situations. The cases when the use of weapons is permissible by law are listed.
Practical part . A short tour is provided to help the owner of an air gun be able to use it correctly. Demonstrative assembly and disassembly of various types of pneumatics is carried out. Participants are taught basic gun maintenance, which includes regular cleaning and lubrication. Additionally, a short course is conducted in which teachers talk about the principles of first aid for injuries of any severity.

Procedure for issuing a license for powerful pneumatics

1. application to the police department;

2. prepare a passport and its photocopy;

3. a medical report confirming that you have no health problems;

4. 2 pieces of 3x4 photographs;

To obtain a license to purchase sports pneumatics of more than 25 J for sports, the documents will need to be additionally accompanied by a sports passport, or another document that identifies the owner as an educational and sports organization, a petition from an accredited sports organization with the appropriate indication of the type of sport.

The law also spells out requirements for the need to undergo training and testing of knowledge in handling weapons, which apply to those who purchase air guns for the first time.

1. in the absence of a medical certificate;

2. those who have not reached the required age;

3. the presence of an outstanding criminal record, or an expunged and expunged conviction for a particularly serious crime involving a weapon.

06.12.2019

The maximum parameters of pneumatic weapons, for which no permits are yet required, are 7.5 J and 4.5 mm. A license is issued for more powerful copies. The most important thing is to correctly collect the package of documents.

An application is written to the OLRR or to the MFC. An alternative is to submit an electronic application through the government services portal.
A copy is made of the completed passport pages.
You must undergo a medical examination. In addition to this, you should have your blood tested. Drug content is checked. The medical certificate must contain a note from a psychiatrist and narcologist.
You will need to take 2 photographs, their size is 3 by 4.
For those who apply for a license for the first time, training is provided according to a special program. You must provide evidence of passing the exams.

The probability of refusal to issue a license is quite significant, since there are a number of reasons for this.

Violations identified as a result of a medical examination.
Having a criminal record or administrative violations during the last year related to failure to maintain public order.
Providing false data.
Age mismatch.

A very controversial issue regarding the punishment for the lack of a license for pneumatics with energy above 7.5 Joules, despite the fact that the law seems to clearly define everything. The problem lies in the interpretation of the violation itself. If a citizen had a license, but forgot to renew it or the deadline for obtaining a new license exceeded the previously valid period, then this state of affairs is assessed as a violation of the deadlines for registering weapons and the owner is subject to a fine of 500 rubles, and the maximum amount is 2000 rubles.

Refusal to provide a license to the controlling person or its complete absence is considered as illegal possession of weapons. Judicial practice shows that the act will not be considered under a criminal article (in the case of pneumatic weapons), but a violation is considered under another article of the Administrative Code, which provides for the confiscation of weapons for a year, as well as a fine of up to 3,000 rubles.

It is necessary to understand the share of responsibility before the law. Despite the fact that pneumatics are traditionally considered safe, it should be noted that they have turned into real military weapons with energy levels starting from 25 J.

Specialized stores provide a large selection of air guns. There are many people who want to buy, but the following points stop them:

how difficult it is to do;
what documents should be collected;
Do I need to write a statement and to whom?
are medical certificates required?
where to go in this case;
Do you even need a permit for an air pistol?

When you are planning to purchase pneumatics, know that purchasing without a license will depend on the product model, caliber, and muzzle energy. Most air pistols offered on the market have a muzzle energy of less than 3 J. According to the law, such products are not considered weapons. This also includes air rifles and revolvers.

You should be aware that air pistols are very similar to combat pistols, so they may attract the attention of the police. You need to be careful when wearing them. We offer an overview of air pistols that fall into the category that does not require a license. Popular:

single shot WaltherCarbon;
multi-charge Walther CP 99 Compact;
budget Crosman C 11;
Umarex Makarov is a domestic copy of a combat pistol.

Rapid global changes and accumulated experience that requires legislative adjustments affected such products in 2020. The age at which it is allowed to buy traumatika has been adjusted – it has increased to 21 years. Pneumatic weapons with a muzzle energy of less than 3 J are allowed to be purchased without a license; there is no need to register. The section regarding storage has been clarified. Negligence in this matter is subject to a fine or arrest. Added clauses prohibiting wearing:

when intoxicated;
at places of leisure with the sale of alcohol;
in educational institutions.

To purchase a pneumatic weapon, you need to obtain certificates from a narcological and psychoneurological dispensary, and also undergo a medical examination at a clinic, where, in addition to a document confirming the absence of health problems, you should take a copy of a medical license. After this, you need to go to a special department of the Internal Affairs Directorate and submit a package of documents for the issuance of a primary license.

Having handed over the papers to the police, you need to pay the state fee, and after making a positive decision to issue a license, go to the store. Having purchased an air rifle or pistol, the weapon is registered in the same licensing department of the Internal Affairs Directorate. The issued license is valid for 6 months - this is exactly the period that applicants are given to purchase weapons.

To apply for a license you need to bring a package of documents to the police:

Statement;
Identity card – copy and original;
Certificate in form 046-1;
Hunting license – copy;
A sports certificate confirming membership in a discipline related to the use of pneumatics for training and competitive purposes;
Photos.

Illegal possession of pneumatic weapons entails bringing the offender to administrative liability. Individuals are fined up to 5,000 rubles. or subject to arrest for 15 days. Organizations are subject to sanctions in the form of a fine of up to 500 thousand rubles. The fine in this case can be replaced by temporary suspension of the company’s activities for up to 60 days. The punishment for officials will be a fine in an amount not exceeding 50 thousand rubles. Instead of a fine, an official may be deprived of his powers for three years.

The circulation of civilian or other types of weapons is permitted only in strict accordance with the provisions enshrined in the Federal Law “On Weapons” No. 150 of December 13, 1996.

Art. 1 of the law establishes the definition of pneumatic weapons. In accordance with it, pneumatics is a type of weapon that can be used to hit a target at a distance using a projectile, the movement of which is carried out due to the energy of compressed, liquefied or solidified gas.

On the territory of Russia, the acquisition of such weapons is usually associated with sporting activities or for hunting.

From the point of view of the law, pneumatic weapons with muzzle energy from 3 to 25 Joules are also considered “civilian weapons” (Article No. 3 of the law). If your air pistol has a shot energy of less than 3 J, then it will be considered nothing more than a toy.

The power of pneumatics allowed for use in Russia is up to 25 J.

Art. 9 of the said federal law establishes a rule according to which the acquisition of weapons or ammunition for them on the territory of the Russian Federation is accompanied by the issuance of a license.

The authority to issue a permit is vested in the federal executive body in charge of arms trafficking. A license is issued on the basis of a written application from persons.

Its validity period is half a year.

A license is not required when purchasing pneumatic sporting weapons with a power of no more than 7.5 J (Joules) and a caliber of up to 4.5 mm. These are important thresholds mentioned in several places in the Act.

As previously mentioned, the need to obtain a license is directly related to the power of pneumatic equipment. So, for example, in the case of purchasing a pneumatic Makarov, the power of which is less than 7.5 Joules, obtaining a license is not provided.

In accordance with the law (Article 13), the same rule applies in the case of purchasing an air rifle, the power of which is no more than 7.5 J. Its caliber must be no more than 4.5 millimeters.

The age at which it becomes possible to buy an air gun is also related to its power. Thus, equipment up to 3 J can be purchased before reaching adulthood.

Article 10 establishes the rule that the acquisition of weapons with a power exceeding 3 J can only be carried out by persons who have reached the age of 18 years.

What is needed to purchase this category of weapons? Let's look at this issue below.

As noted earlier, the person purchasing pneumatics must be an adult when it comes to power of more than 3 J, since this category of weapons is sold only to persons over eighteen years of age.

When purchasing a hunting air rifle, pistol or other weapon, it must be registered with the Department of Internal Affairs at the buyer’s place of residence. Registration is carried out to obtain a permit to carry this deadly item, valid for 5 years.

Obtaining permission to store weapons

Once a permit to purchase an air gun has been issued, you can purchase it freely. Further storage and use requires additional permission.

Before applying, you must purchase a safe or other suitable and securely locked container. It is advisable to check that the volume of storage space is suitable for a specific weapon; you should also leave a small margin from the edges of the weapon in width.

After purchasing a pneumatic weapon, you must pay a state duty within two weeks , which is 100 rubles for one weapon, if a license was previously requested for several copies. To obtain permission, you need to contact the LRO again.

You only need to bring your passport and a previously issued permit to purchase weapons. After submitting the application, you need to wait for the local police officer to arrive at the place where the weapon is located, usually the applicant’s home, to check whether there are proper conditions for the safe storage of pneumatic weapons.

After inspecting the weapon storage container, checking its size and proper protection, the official will write a report in which he expresses his personal opinion about what he saw. Based on this, LRO employees decide whether there are sufficient reasons to issue a permit.

Almost immediately after the district police officer delivers the completed report, the applicant is invited to an exam, the purpose of which is to test the person’s awareness of the correct handling of weapons. Examiners ask questions about the legal possession and proper use of air guns, which the individual must answer correctly.

A few days after passing the exam, the applicant will receive a notification by email about the decision made to issue a license or about the refusal to satisfy the application. The entire procedure associated with issuing a permit can take up to 1.5 months. Material costs for this range from 2-3 thousand rubles.

Can I carry an air pistol with me?

Domestic legislation regulates the question of what weapons can be carried without permission? A pneumatic pistol, the muzzle energy of which does not exceed 7.5 J, is allowed to be carried. No permission needed. Carrying a pistol with you is not always convenient, because there are no special devices for this.

at public events;
loaded with ammunition in populated areas.

Pistols powered by compressed air, imitating military weapons in their external parameters, have recently become very popular. These products can be easily purchased in stores and markets.

However, no permits are required for such weapons. Therefore, anyone can use a device that shoots balls under the influence of compressed air.

Many people have pressing questions, for example, is it possible to carry an air pistol with you, what restrictions and prohibitions exist.

Types of weapons

It should be noted that there are different types of pneumatics. Some models are allowed to be carried freely without any restrictions, while others may require permits to purchase. It's all about the power of the gun. Energy is measured in joules. The law classifies weapons by power. So, there are pistols up to three joules, up to seven and a half, up to twenty-five and above.

This includes products that can be purchased in markets and stores without any documents. The law states that absolutely anyone can buy such “weapons.” It is very rare that you can purchase more powerful solutions, but this is no longer entirely legal.

Such weapons should not go on free sale. If the shot power is no more than 3 J, then even a child can use the gun. To the question of whether children can carry an air pistol, there are answers in the legislative framework.

Thus, weapons up to 3 J are considered toy.

But there is another point. You cannot openly demonstrate the presence of weapons. Some people may confuse pneumatic guns with real firearms and will definitely report what they see to the right place. Then you can expect serious trouble.

However, if serious harm is caused (for example, after a ball gets into the eyes), the consequences will be quite serious.

Can I carry an air pistol? It is possible, but carefully, without demonstrating it to those who do not need it.

7.5 joules

Weapons of the second category are products that are classified as hunting or sporting. These pistols can also be freely purchased in stores, but not in all, but in special ones.

Not everyone can buy such a weapon. According to current legislation, these products are available only to adults.

Is it possible to carry an air pistol with you from the age of 18? If it falls into this category, then it is possible, but following certain rules. But there is a nuance here too.

To purchase a pistol that will be used for sports or hunting, you must have permits. In the case of pneumatics, no permits are required.

Many people are wondering whether it is possible to carry an air pistol with a muzzle energy of 7.5 J. You can have it with you, it is not prohibited by law. But only adults can purchase such copies, so only adults can carry them with them.

Products that fall under this class are classified as weapons. Therefore, here the owners should already be interested in the law. More on this below.

In law

Let's see whether it is possible to carry an air pistol with you according to the norms of the legislative framework of the Russian Federation. There are two points in this regard.

In the Russian Federation, carrying, as well as any type of transportation, is prohibited when the gun is loaded. It is also prohibited to use it in cities, towns and other populated areas outside of places and premises that are specially adapted for sports shooting.

In addition, the law prohibits wearing these products at rallies, various street processions, pickets and demonstrations, as well as any other events with large crowds of people.

According to the classification, any pistols from 3 J and above are considered sporting weapons. Everything with a power of 7.5 J and beyond is hunting.

Pistols up to 25 J have enormous power, therefore, according to the classification, they are considered high-risk products. To buy such a pistol or rifle, you must have permits in hand.

Permits are required for storage and carrying.

Can you carry an air pistol without a permit? This is a question that interests many owners of these products. Without any permits, only samples with a caliber of up to 4.5 millimeters are allowed to be used. The energy can be up to eight joules.

To purchase and carry more powerful weapons, you need a package of documents. This is an application to the police department, an original passport and a photocopy, a medical certificate. Photos are also needed. If a weapon is purchased for hunting, a hunting license must be presented. A copy and original are required. To license such a gun, a sports passport is added to this package.

Storage rules

We have already reviewed the basic rules for carrying an air pistol, and now we should consider the rules that are associated with storing air weapons. Thus, the pistol must be stored out of the reach of children and unauthorized persons. A safe is good for this. If you don’t have one, then a strong box with a lock will do.

The weapon is stored in an unloaded state, without a cylinder, the spring must not be cocked. More complete rules regarding storage are specified in the instructions for the pistol.

Punishment

The law precisely states whether an air pistol can be freely carried, how and under what conditions. But what is the punishment for violating the rules?

So, violation of the rules for handling pneumatic weapons may entail fines from 500 to 2 thousand rubles or deprivation of the opportunity to purchase, store, or use weapons for a period of 6 months to a year.

Finally

Can I carry an air pistol? Instances up to three joules are not considered weapons, up to seven and a half - use is limited. If you follow the rules, then, of course, you can wear it. The main thing is not to go too far.

Consequences of purchasing a weapon without a license

Using air guns without a license is a crime. Punishment is provided for in administrative and criminal legislation.

Often, the discovery of illegal use of a weapon leads to a fine, but sometimes law enforcement officials decide to confiscate the airgun. In rare cases, the penalty includes placing a person in custody.

License check

Article 20.6 of the Code of the Russian Federation regulates liability for carrying and storing weapons without a license, along with the destruction of ammunition and weapons in an improper manner, in the form of a fine in the amount of 500-2000 rubles.

Articles 119 and 222 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation provide for more significant preventive measures in the form of a large fine or temporary imprisonment.