Cartridge race: who will choose the best ammunition for small arms

[edit] Production

Main article

:
Production of cartridges in Russia
TsNIItochmash is the leading enterprise of the Russian defense industry in the development of cartridges for small arms. All live ammunition that is in service with the Russian Armed Forces was developed at TsNIITochmash.[1]

Six factories are engaged in the production of cartridges in Russia, including:

• Ulyanovsk Cartridge Plant[2]
• Klimovsky Specialized Cartridge Plant

Center fire cartridges[edit | edit code]

"Imperial" designations[edit | edit code]

Up to 0.24 inches[edit | edit code]

• .17 Remington
• .17 Remington Fireball
• .17-357RG
• .191 (4.85 mm SAA)
• .204 Ruger
• .218 Bee
• .219 Zipper
• .20 Tactical
• .20 VarTarg
• .22 BR Remington
• .22 Hornet
• .22 PPC
• .22 Spitfire
• .220 Swift
• .221 Fireball
• .22-250 Remington
• .22/30
• .221 Remington Fireball

5.56x45 mm NATO - standard cartridge for machine guns of the armies of the North Atlantic Alliance

• .222 Remington
• .222 Remington Magnum
• .223 Remington
• .223 WSSM
• .224 Weatherby Magnum
• .225 Winchester
• .236 Navy

0.24-0.3 inches[edit | edit code]

• .240 Weatherby Magnum
• .243 Winchester
• .243 Ackley
• .243 WSSM
• .244 H&H Magnum
• .244 Remington (6 mm Remington)
• .250-3000 Savage
• .256 Winchester Magnum
• .256 Newton
• .25-06 Remington
• .25-20 Winchester

.243 Winchester (right) and .243 Ackley

• .25-35 Winchester (6.5×52 mm R)
• .25 Remington
• .25 WSSM
• .257 Roberts
• .257 Weatherby Magnum
• .26 Nosler[en]
• .260 Remington
• .264 Warrior Magnum
• .264 Winchester Magnum
• .270 Weatherby Magnum
• .270 Winchester
• .270 Winchester Short Magnum
• .270 Sabi
• .276 Pedersen
• .280 British (7x43mm)
• .280 Remington (7mm Express Remington)
• .280 Ross (.280 Rimless Nitro Express)
• .284 Winchester

0.3-0.35 inches[edit | edit code]

• .30 Carbine
• .30 Newton
• .30 Remington
• .30 Remington AR
• .30 TC[en]
• .30 US
• .30-30 Winchester (.30-30, .30 WCF)
• .30-06 Springfield
• .30-03
• .30-40 Krag
• .30-378 Weatherby Magnum
• .300 H&H Magnum
• .300 Remington SA Ultra Mag
• .300 Remington Ultra Magnum
• .300 Ruger Compact Magnum
• .300 Savage
• .300 Weatherby Magnum
• .300 Winchester Short Magnum
• .300 Winchester Magnum
• .303 British
• .303 Savage
• .307 Winchester
• .308 Marlin Express
• .308 Norma Magnum
• .308 Winchester
• .32 ACP (7.65 Browning)
• .32 S&W
• .32-20 Winchester (.32 WCF, .32-20 Marlin, .32 Colt Lightning)
• .32-40 Ballard
• .32-40 Winchester
• .32 Remington
• .32 Winchester Self-Loading
• .32 Winchester Special
• .325 WSM
• .33 Winchester
• .338-378 Weatherby Magnum
• .338 Federal.[en]
• .338 Lapua Magnum
• .338 Marlin express
• .338 Norma Magnum[en]
• .338 Lobaev Whisper
• .338 Specter
• .338 Remington Ultra Magnum
• .338 Ruger Compact Magnum
• .338 Sabi
• .338 Winchester Magnum
• .340 Weatherby Magnum
• .348 Winchester

0.35-0.4 inches[edit | edit code]

• .35 Newton
• .35 Remington
• .35 Whelen[en]
• .35 Whelen Improved
• .35 Winchester
• .35 Winchester Self-Loading[en]
• .350 Remington Magnum
• .351 Winchester Self-Loading[en]
• .356 Winchester
• .357 SIG
• .357 Magnum
• .358 Norma Magnum
• .358 Winchester

.375 H&H Magnum cartridges in factory packaging

• .375 H&H Magnum
• .375 Ruger
• .375 Remington Ultra Magnum
• .375 Weatherby Magnum
• .375 Whelen (.375-06)
• .375 Winchester
• .376 Steyr
• .378 Weatherby Magnum
• .38 Special
• .380 ACP
• .38-40 Winchester
• .38-55 Winchester

0.4 inches or more[edit | edit code]

• .40 S&W (.40 Smith and Wesson)
• .40 Lobaev Whisper
• .40-60 Remington
• .400 H&H Magnum
• .400 Tembo
• .401 Winchester
• .404 Jeffery
• .405 Winchester
• .408 Cheyenne Tactical
• .416 Barrett
• .416 Remington Magnum
• .416 Rigby
• .416 Weatherby Magnum
• .417
• 11x60mm Mauser
• .44-40 Winchester
• .44 Remington Magnum
• .44 Special
• .444 Marlin

.45 ACP pistol cartridge

• .45 ACP (11.43×23 mm)
• .45 Colt
• .45 GAP
• .454 Casull
• .45-70 Government
• .45-90 Sharps
• .450 Bushmaster
• .450 Marlin
• .450 Rigby
• .455 Webley
• .458 Express
• .458 Lott
• .458 Sabi
• .458 SOCOM
• .458 Winchester Magnum
• .460 Smith and Wesson
• .460 Weatherby Magnum
• .460 Steyr
• .465 H&H Magnum
• .470 Nitro Express
• .50-70 Government
• .50-90 Sharps
• .50-110 Winchester
• .50-140 Sharps
• .50 Alaskan
• .50 Beowulf
• .50 Action Express
• .50 BMG
• .50 Peacekeeper
• .50 G.I.
• .500 S&W Magnum
• .500 Black Powder Express
• .500 Jeffrey Nitro Express
• .500 No. 2 Express
• .500 Nitro Express 3″
• .500 Nitro Express 3″ black powder
• .500/450 Nitro Express
• .500/465 Nitro Express
• .505 Gibbs
• .505 Jeffery
• .510 DTC Europ
• .510 Fat Mac
• .510 Whisper
• .550 Magnum
• .550 Nitro Express
• .577 Nitro Express
• .577 Tyrannosaur (.577 T-Rex; .577 Tyrannosaurus)
• .577 Snider
• .577/450 Martini-Henry
• .577/.500 Magnum Nitro Express
• .585 Nyati
• .600 Nitro Express

Cartridges 14.5×114 mm

• .600/577 REWA
• .600 Overkill
• 700 AHR
• .700 Nitro Express
• .950 JDJ

Metric notation[edit | edit code]

Up to 6 mm[edit | edit code]

• 2.7×9 mm Kolibri
• 4.25×10 mm Erica
• 4.6×30 mm
• 4.85 mm (.191)
• 4.92×34 mm
• 5.45×18 mm
• 5.45×39 mm
• 5.56×30 mm
• 5.6×39 mm (.220 Russian)
• 5.56×45 mm
• 5.6x50mm Magnum
• 5.6x52mm R (.22 Savage Hi-Power)
• 5.6×57 mm
• 5.6×57 mm R
• 5.6×61 mm
• 5.7×28 mm
• 5.8×21 mm
• 5.8×42 mm

6-7 mm[edit | edit code]

• 6×35 mm
• 6mm BR Remington
• 6mm PPC
• 6mm Musgrave
• 6 mm USN (6 mm Lee Navy)
• 6.35×16 SR Browning
• 6.5mm Johnson
• 6.5-284 Norma
• 6.5mm Creedmoor
• 6.5x39mm Grendel
• 6.5mm Remington Magnum
• 6.5×50 mm
• 6.5×52 mm Mannlicher-Carcano
• 6.5×53 mm R
• 6.5×54 mm Mannlicher-Schönauer
• 6.5×54 mm R USSR
• 6.5×55 mm
• 6.5×57 mm
• 6.5×68 mm
• 6.8x43mm Remington SPC

7-8 mm[edit | edit code]

• 7.2SLEC
• 7×44 mm
• 7×57 mm
• 7×61 mm
• 7×64 mm
• 7×65 mm
• 7.35×51 mm Carcano
• 7.5×55 mm Schmidt-Rubin
• 7.5x58 mm M 24 mod. 1924
• 7.5x54 mm MAS mod. 1929
• 7.65×21 mm Parabellum
• 7.62×25 mm
• 7.62×38 mm Nagant
• 7.62×39 mm
• 7.62×45 mm
• 7.62x51mm NATO
• 7.62×53 mm R
• 7.62×54 mm R
• 7.62×63 mm
• 7.63×25 mm Mauser (7.63×25 mm)
• 7.62 Johnson

Cartridges for revolvers

• 7.65×17 mm (.32 ACP)
• 7.65x21mm Parabellum (.30 Luger)
• 7.65x53 mm Argentino (7.65x53 mm Mauser)
• 7.65×53 mm R
• 7.63×54 mm Greek Mannlicher
• 7.7×58 mm Arisaka
• 7.8SLEC
• 7.92×33 mm
• 7.92×36 mm
• 7.92×57 mm (8 mm Mauser or 8×57 JS(IS))
• 7.92×107 mm P35
• 8 mm Remington Magnum
• 8×35 mm
• 8x50mm R Mannlicher
• 8×50 mm R Lebel
• 8×56 mm Mannlicher-Schönauer
• 8×56 mm R
• 8×58 mm R
• 8x60 mm S
• 8x64 mm S
• 8x68 mm S
• 8.5x23mm Gabbet-Fairfax (.330 Mars)

9-10 mm[edit | edit code]

• 9x17mm (.38 ACP)
• 9x18mm Police
• 9×18 mm PM
• 9x19mm Parabellum (Luger, 9x19mm NATO, 9mm Parabellum)
• 9×21 mm (SP-10, SP-11, SP-12, SP-13)
• 9×25 mm Mauser
• 9x20mm SR Browning Long
• 9×39 mm
• 9×45 mm
• 9×53 mm
• 9×56 mm
• 9×57 mm
• 9.3×57 mm
• 9.3×62 mm
• 9.3×64 mm Brenneke
• 9.3×66 mm
• 9.3×72 mm
• 9.3×74 mm
• 9.5x57mm (.375 Rimless Nitro Express x 2-1/4″)

10 mm and more[edit | edit code]

• 10×25 mm (10 mm Auto)
• 10.75×57 mm
• 11x59 mm R Gras
• 11×60 mm
• 12.7×32.6 mm
• 12.7×41 mm
• 12.7×42 mm
• 12.7×55 mm STs-130
• 12.7x81mm SR Breda
• 12.7×81 mm
• 12.7x99mm NATO
• 12.7×108 mm
• 12.7×108 mm R
• 13×63 mm B
• 13×64 mm
• 13.25x92mm SR
• 13.2×95 mm
• 14.5×114 mm
• 14.5mm JDJ
• 15.2 mm Steyr armor-piercing sub-caliber with detachable tray (Armor Piercing Fin Stabilized Discarding Sabot; APFSDS)
• 15×96 mm
• 15×104 mm Brno
• 15.5×106 mm

[edit] Export

Main article

:
Export of cartridges from Russia
In August 2014, it was noted that more than 70% of Russian cartridges are supplied abroad. Moreover, over 80% of all exported cartridges go to the US civilian market.[3]

[edit] USA

Main article

:
Export of cartridges from Russia to the USA
Several American private companies, including Intrac Arms International LLC and Wolf Performance Ammunition, have entered into contracts with Russian cartridge factories to purchase 900 million cartridges of various calibers in Russia. As a source in defense-industrial circles told Izvestia, procurement negotiations began back in 2011 with the participation of Rosoboronexport, the contracts themselves were concluded during 2012, and deliveries of the first batches began in early 2013. We are talking about five private companies that, according to some sources, entered into contracts with Russian factories with the permission of the Pentagon. Among them are Intrac Arms International LLC and Wolf Performance Ammunition. The subject of the contract is various modifications of 7.62 caliber 1943 model cartridges with a lead bullet and 9.19 parabellum caliber. In the West this is the most common cartridge. According to Viktor Murakhovsky, editor-in-chief of the industry magazine Arsenal of the Fatherland, most of the ammunition ordered in Russia is needed for private gun owners in the United States, including Soviet Kalashnikov AK-47s.[4]

Internal ballistics of firearms

At the moment of firing, during the combustion of a powder charge, depending on the type of gunpowder used, this or that amount of powder gases with a temperature of more than 2000 ° C is formed. When burning black powder, 40% of gases are formed, and the remaining combustion products are solid particles, therefore, when fired from a firearm weapons a lot of smoke.

The volume of gases generated during a shot is approximately 300 times greater than the volume of a powder charge (smokeless - 900 times). An increase in the volume of powder gases increases the pressure in the barrel of a firearm.

Sports shotgun MTs8.

[edit] Notes

1. From cartridge to self-propelled guns: the general director of TsNIITOCHMASH about the workdays of his institute. July 20, 2016
2. [1]
3. [2]
4. [3]
5. [4]

Source - ""

Category: Armaments in Russia | Ammo