Cartridge race: who will choose the best ammunition for small arms


[edit] Production

Main article

:
Production of cartridges in Russia
TsNIItochmash is the leading enterprise of the Russian defense industry in the development of cartridges for small arms. All live ammunition that is in service with the Russian Armed Forces was developed at TsNIITochmash.[1]

Six factories are engaged in the production of cartridges in Russia, including:

  • Ulyanovsk Cartridge Plant[2]
  • Klimovsky Specialized Cartridge Plant

Center fire cartridges[edit | edit code]

"Imperial" designations[edit | edit code]

Up to 0.24 inches[edit | edit code]

  • .17 Remington
  • .17 Remington Fireball
  • .17-357RG
  • .191 (4.85 mm SAA)
  • .204 Ruger
  • .218 Bee
  • .219 Zipper
  • .20 Tactical
  • .20 VarTarg
  • .22 BR Remington
  • .22 Hornet
  • .22 PPC
  • .22 Spitfire
  • .220 Swift
  • .221 Fireball
  • .22-250 Remington
  • .22/30
  • .221 Remington Fireball

5.56x45 mm NATO - standard cartridge for machine guns of the armies of the North Atlantic Alliance

  • .222 Remington
  • .222 Remington Magnum
  • .223 Remington
  • .223 WSSM
  • .224 Weatherby Magnum
  • .225 Winchester
  • .236 Navy

0.24-0.3 inches[edit | edit code]

  • .240 Weatherby Magnum
  • .243 Winchester
  • .243 Ackley
  • .243 WSSM
  • .244 H&H Magnum
  • .244 Remington (6 mm Remington)
  • .250-3000 Savage
  • .256 Winchester Magnum
  • .256 Newton
  • .25-06 Remington
  • .25-20 Winchester

.243 Winchester (right) and .243 Ackley

  • .25-35 Winchester (6.5×52 mm R)
  • .25 Remington
  • .25 WSSM
  • .257 Roberts
  • .257 Weatherby Magnum
  • .26 Nosler[en]
  • .260 Remington
  • .264 Warrior Magnum
  • .264 Winchester Magnum
  • .270 Weatherby Magnum
  • .270 Winchester
  • .270 Winchester Short Magnum
  • .270 Sabi
  • .276 Pedersen
  • .280 British (7x43mm)
  • .280 Remington (7mm Express Remington)
  • .280 Ross (.280 Rimless Nitro Express)
  • .284 Winchester

0.3-0.35 inches[edit | edit code]

  • .30 Carbine
  • .30 Newton
  • .30 Remington
  • .30 Remington AR
  • .30 TC[en]
  • .30 US
  • .30-30 Winchester (.30-30, .30 WCF)
  • .30-06 Springfield
  • .30-03
  • .30-40 Krag
  • .30-378 Weatherby Magnum
  • .300 H&H Magnum
  • .300 Remington SA Ultra Mag
  • .300 Remington Ultra Magnum
  • .300 Ruger Compact Magnum
  • .300 Savage
  • .300 Weatherby Magnum
  • .300 Winchester Short Magnum
  • .300 Winchester Magnum
  • .303 British
  • .303 Savage
  • .307 Winchester
  • .308 Marlin Express
  • .308 Norma Magnum
  • .308 Winchester
  • .32 ACP (7.65 Browning)
  • .32 S&W
  • .32-20 Winchester (.32 WCF, .32-20 Marlin, .32 Colt Lightning)
  • .32-40 Ballard
  • .32-40 Winchester
  • .32 Remington
  • .32 Winchester Self-Loading
  • .32 Winchester Special
  • .325 WSM
  • .33 Winchester
  • .338-378 Weatherby Magnum
  • .338 Federal.[en]
  • .338 Lapua Magnum
  • .338 Marlin express
  • .338 Norma Magnum[en]
  • .338 Lobaev Whisper
  • .338 Specter
  • .338 Remington Ultra Magnum
  • .338 Ruger Compact Magnum
  • .338 Sabi
  • .338 Winchester Magnum
  • .340 Weatherby Magnum
  • .348 Winchester

0.35-0.4 inches[edit | edit code]

  • .35 Newton
  • .35 Remington
  • .35 Whelen[en]
  • .35 Whelen Improved
  • .35 Winchester
  • .35 Winchester Self-Loading[en]
  • .350 Remington Magnum
  • .351 Winchester Self-Loading[en]
  • .356 Winchester
  • .357 SIG
  • .357 Magnum
  • .358 Norma Magnum
  • .358 Winchester

.375 H&H Magnum cartridges in factory packaging

  • .375 H&H Magnum
  • .375 Ruger
  • .375 Remington Ultra Magnum
  • .375 Weatherby Magnum
  • .375 Whelen (.375-06)
  • .375 Winchester
  • .376 Steyr
  • .378 Weatherby Magnum
  • .38 Special
  • .380 ACP
  • .38-40 Winchester
  • .38-55 Winchester

0.4 inches or more[edit | edit code]

  • .40 S&W (.40 Smith and Wesson)
  • .40 Lobaev Whisper
  • .40-60 Remington
  • .400 H&H Magnum
  • .400 Tembo
  • .401 Winchester
  • .404 Jeffery
  • .405 Winchester
  • .408 Cheyenne Tactical
  • .416 Barrett
  • .416 Remington Magnum
  • .416 Rigby
  • .416 Weatherby Magnum
  • .417
  • 11x60mm Mauser
  • .44-40 Winchester
  • .44 Remington Magnum
  • .44 Special
  • .444 Marlin

.45 ACP pistol cartridge

  • .45 ACP (11.43×23 mm)
  • .45 Colt
  • .45 GAP
  • .454 Casull
  • .45-70 Government
  • .45-90 Sharps
  • .450 Bushmaster
  • .450 Marlin
  • .450 Rigby
  • .455 Webley
  • .458 Express
  • .458 Lott
  • .458 Sabi
  • .458 SOCOM
  • .458 Winchester Magnum
  • .460 Smith and Wesson
  • .460 Weatherby Magnum
  • .460 Steyr
  • .465 H&H Magnum
  • .470 Nitro Express
  • .50-70 Government
  • .50-90 Sharps
  • .50-110 Winchester
  • .50-140 Sharps
  • .50 Alaskan
  • .50 Beowulf
  • .50 Action Express
  • .50 BMG
  • .50 Peacekeeper
  • .50 G.I.
  • .500 S&W Magnum
  • .500 Black Powder Express
  • .500 Jeffrey Nitro Express
  • .500 No. 2 Express
  • .500 Nitro Express 3″
  • .500 Nitro Express 3″ black powder
  • .500/450 Nitro Express
  • .500/465 Nitro Express
  • .505 Gibbs
  • .505 Jeffery
  • .510 DTC Europ
  • .510 Fat Mac
  • .510 Whisper
  • .550 Magnum
  • .550 Nitro Express
  • .577 Nitro Express
  • .577 Tyrannosaur (.577 T-Rex; .577 Tyrannosaurus)
  • .577 Snider
  • .577/450 Martini-Henry
  • .577/.500 Magnum Nitro Express
  • .585 Nyati
  • .600 Nitro Express

Cartridges 14.5×114 mm

  • .600/577 REWA
  • .600 Overkill
  • 700 AHR
  • .700 Nitro Express
  • .950 JDJ

Metric notation[edit | edit code]

Up to 6 mm[edit | edit code]

  • 2.7×9 mm Kolibri
  • 4.25×10 mm Erica
  • 4.6×30 mm
  • 4.85 mm (.191)
  • 4.92×34 mm
  • 5.45×18 mm
  • 5.45×39 mm
  • 5.56×30 mm
  • 5.6×39 mm (.220 Russian)
  • 5.56×45 mm
  • 5.6x50mm Magnum
  • 5.6x52mm R (.22 Savage Hi-Power)
  • 5.6×57 mm
  • 5.6×57 mm R
  • 5.6×61 mm
  • 5.7×28 mm
  • 5.8×21 mm
  • 5.8×42 mm

6-7 mm[edit | edit code]

  • 6×35 mm
  • 6mm BR Remington
  • 6mm PPC
  • 6mm Musgrave
  • 6 mm USN (6 mm Lee Navy)
  • 6.35×16 SR Browning
  • 6.5mm Johnson
  • 6.5-284 Norma
  • 6.5mm Creedmoor
  • 6.5x39mm Grendel
  • 6.5mm Remington Magnum
  • 6.5×50 mm
  • 6.5×52 mm Mannlicher-Carcano
  • 6.5×53 mm R
  • 6.5×54 mm Mannlicher-Schönauer
  • 6.5×54 mm R USSR
  • 6.5×55 mm
  • 6.5×57 mm
  • 6.5×68 mm
  • 6.8x43mm Remington SPC

7-8 mm[edit | edit code]

  • 7.2SLEC
  • 7×44 mm
  • 7×57 mm
  • 7×61 mm
  • 7×64 mm
  • 7×65 mm
  • 7.35×51 mm Carcano
  • 7.5×55 mm Schmidt-Rubin
  • 7.5x58 mm M 24 mod. 1924
  • 7.5x54 mm MAS mod. 1929
  • 7.65×21 mm Parabellum
  • 7.62×25 mm
  • 7.62×38 mm Nagant
  • 7.62×39 mm
  • 7.62×45 mm
  • 7.62x51mm NATO
  • 7.62×53 mm R
  • 7.62×54 mm R
  • 7.62×63 mm
  • 7.63×25 mm Mauser (7.63×25 mm)
  • 7.62 Johnson

Cartridges for revolvers

  • 7.65×17 mm (.32 ACP)
  • 7.65x21mm Parabellum (.30 Luger)
  • 7.65x53 mm Argentino (7.65x53 mm Mauser)
  • 7.65×53 mm R
  • 7.63×54 mm Greek Mannlicher
  • 7.7×58 mm Arisaka
  • 7.8SLEC
  • 7.92×33 mm
  • 7.92×36 mm
  • 7.92×57 mm (8 mm Mauser or 8×57 JS(IS))
  • 7.92×107 mm P35
  • 8 mm Remington Magnum
  • 8×35 mm
  • 8x50mm R Mannlicher
  • 8×50 mm R Lebel
  • 8×56 mm Mannlicher-Schönauer
  • 8×56 mm R
  • 8×58 mm R
  • 8x60 mm S
  • 8x64 mm S
  • 8x68 mm S
  • 8.5x23mm Gabbet-Fairfax (.330 Mars)

9-10 mm[edit | edit code]

  • 9x17mm (.38 ACP)
  • 9x18mm Police
  • 9×18 mm PM
  • 9x19mm Parabellum (Luger, 9x19mm NATO, 9mm Parabellum)
  • 9×21 mm (SP-10, SP-11, SP-12, SP-13)
  • 9×25 mm Mauser
  • 9x20mm SR Browning Long
  • 9×39 mm
  • 9×45 mm
  • 9×53 mm
  • 9×56 mm
  • 9×57 mm
  • 9.3×57 mm
  • 9.3×62 mm
  • 9.3×64 mm Brenneke
  • 9.3×66 mm
  • 9.3×72 mm
  • 9.3×74 mm
  • 9.5x57mm (.375 Rimless Nitro Express x 2-1/4″)

10 mm and more[edit | edit code]

  • 10×25 mm (10 mm Auto)
  • 10.75×57 mm
  • 11x59 mm R Gras
  • 11×60 mm
  • 12.7×32.6 mm
  • 12.7×41 mm
  • 12.7×42 mm
  • 12.7×55 mm STs-130
  • 12.7x81mm SR Breda
  • 12.7×81 mm
  • 12.7x99mm NATO
  • 12.7×108 mm
  • 12.7×108 mm R
  • 13×63 mm B
  • 13×64 mm
  • 13.25x92mm SR
  • 13.2×95 mm
  • 14.5×114 mm
  • 14.5mm JDJ
  • 15.2 mm Steyr armor-piercing sub-caliber with detachable tray (Armor Piercing Fin Stabilized Discarding Sabot; APFSDS)
  • 15×96 mm
  • 15×104 mm Brno
  • 15.5×106 mm
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Information must be verifiable, otherwise it may be questioned and deleted. You may edit this article to include links to authoritative sources. This mark was set on June 7, 2020

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[edit] Export

Main article

:
Export of cartridges from Russia
In August 2014, it was noted that more than 70% of Russian cartridges are supplied abroad. Moreover, over 80% of all exported cartridges go to the US civilian market.[3]

[edit] USA

Main article

:
Export of cartridges from Russia to the USA
Several American private companies, including Intrac Arms International LLC and Wolf Performance Ammunition, have entered into contracts with Russian cartridge factories to purchase 900 million cartridges of various calibers in Russia. As a source in defense-industrial circles told Izvestia, procurement negotiations began back in 2011 with the participation of Rosoboronexport, the contracts themselves were concluded during 2012, and deliveries of the first batches began in early 2013. We are talking about five private companies that, according to some sources, entered into contracts with Russian factories with the permission of the Pentagon. Among them are Intrac Arms International LLC and Wolf Performance Ammunition. The subject of the contract is various modifications of 7.62 caliber 1943 model cartridges with a lead bullet and 9.19 parabellum caliber. In the West this is the most common cartridge. According to Viktor Murakhovsky, editor-in-chief of the industry magazine Arsenal of the Fatherland, most of the ammunition ordered in Russia is needed for private gun owners in the United States, including Soviet Kalashnikov AK-47s.[4]

Internal ballistics of firearms

At the moment of firing, during the combustion of a powder charge, depending on the type of gunpowder used, this or that amount of powder gases with a temperature of more than 2000 ° C is formed. When burning black powder, 40% of gases are formed, and the remaining combustion products are solid particles, therefore, when fired from a firearm weapons a lot of smoke.

The volume of gases generated during a shot is approximately 300 times greater than the volume of a powder charge (smokeless - 900 times). An increase in the volume of powder gases increases the pressure in the barrel of a firearm.

Sports shotgun MTs8.

[edit] Notes

  1. From cartridge to self-propelled guns: the general director of TsNIITOCHMASH about the workdays of his institute. July 20, 2016
  2. [1]
  3. [2]
  4. [3]
  5. [4]
Benefits in Russia
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stations • Wooden beds • Wooden panel parquet • Baby formula • Disc harrows • Sprinklers and watering machines and installations • Irrigation machines • Dosing devices • Milking installations and units • Home theaters • Road equipment • Precious stones • Precious metals and stones • Wood • Wood and wood products • Wood and pulp and paper products • Wood pulp • Chipboards • Wood panels • Christmas decorations • Christmas tree electric lamp garlands • Railway wheels • Iron ore concentrate • Railways • Iron ore raw materials • Iron ore pellets • Animal oil • Animal proteins • Housing • Fat cheese • Over-the-horizon radars • Shut-off valves • Strawberries • Cereals and legumes • Grain dryers • Toys • Lime • Measuring instruments • Insulated winding wires • Isoprene rubber • Caviar • Immune serums • Inertial navigation systems • Integrated circuits • Internet • Cables • Cable and wire products • Cocoa beans • Cocoa-containing products • Soda ash • Carabiners • Urea • Solar panel frames • Cardboard • Potato chips • Potato starch • Card payment systems • Cards memory • Rubber • ATVs • Quartz sand • Ceramic armor • Ceramic plates • Kerosene • Ketchup • Ketchup and sauces • Kefir • Brick • Fermented milk products • Oxygen cosmetics • Valves • Plywood • Strawberries • Carpets and rugs • Coke • Sausages • Wheeled armored vehicles • Wheeled armored personnel carriers • Wheel pairs • Collimator indicators • Column apparatus • Mixed feed • Switching equipment • Pressure compensators • Emergency egress complexes • Active protection complexes • Air communication complexes • Surveillance complexes • Reconnaissance complexes • Guided artillery weapon systems • Computer games • Capacitors • Confectionery products • Ferrous metal structures • Control and correction stations • Ship weapons • Ship artillery mounts • Coriander • Boxes of aircraft components • Cows • Cases for machine tools • Mowers • Cosmetics • Spaceports • Coffee • Red caviar • Silicon • Fastening fittings • Armchairs • Cattle • Cereals • Gooseberries • Cultivators • Chicken eggs • Kitchen furniture • Kitchen stoves • Laser weapons • Paints and varnishes • Car tires • Medicines • Flax • Long-lasting flax • Curly flax • Forest • Forest-paper products • Liquor products • Linoleum • Chanterelles • Sheet polished glass • Lithium • Locomotives • Scrap ferrous metals • Magnetic cards • Fuel oil • Raspberries • Tangerines • Shunting locomotives • Manganese ferroalloys • Manganese concentrate • Mattresses • Night vision sight matrices • Engineering products • Machines for applying liquid organic fertilizers to the soil • Machines for introducing solid organic fertilizers into the soil • Machines for fertilizing and watering • Machines for injection molding • Machines for tillage • Machines for sowing • Machines for demining • Furniture • Honey • Medical equipment • Medical diagnostic systems • Medical products • Copper wire • Copper cathodes • Copper concentrate • Chalk • Metal furnaces • Scrap metal • Ferrous scrap metal • Metal cutting tools • Metallurgical products • Metallurgical coke • Methanol • Subway • Microwave ovens • Microprocessors • Microelectronic components • Mixers • Mineral wool insulating boards • Mineral water • Mineral products • Mortars • Mitis • Mobile phones • Mobile Internet • Molybdenum • Molybdenum concentrate • Shellfish • Milk and condensed cream • Dairy products • Dairy products • Monitors • Monoethylene glycol • Seafood • Ice cream • Freezers • Marine jet systems • All-terrain vehicles • Motor scooters • Motorcycles • Urea • Detergents and cleaning products • Music centers • Flour • Flour and cereal products • Meat products • Canned meat for baby food • Meat and meat products • Navigation equipment • Raw timber • Non-food agricultural products • Non-metallic building materials • Oil and gas equipment • Oil refining plants • Petroleum products • Petrochemical products • Oil • Oil and gas condensate • Oil and oil products • Petroleum bitumen • Niobium • Ammonium nitrate • Chickpeas • Roasting conveyor machines • Shoe lasts • Camera lenses • Vegetables and melons • Vegetable and fruit products • Sheep • Sheep and goats • Flamethrower-incendiary complexes • Flamethrower systems • Flamethrower installations • Deer • Operating systems • Optical technology • Optical fiber • Plexiglas • Nuts • Oriented strand boards • Steam locomotives • Steam boilers • Steam generators • Passive electronic systems • PVC • Pectins • Pellets • Periscopes submarines • Printed circuit boards • Pianos • Saw timber • Lumber • Pyro sets • Pyrometric systems • Pistols • Submachine guns • Drinking water • Food • Table salt • Edible seafood • Plastic barrels • Plastic products • Plastic toys • Plastic products • Plastic construction sets • Fruit and berry crops • Fruit and vegetable storage facilities • Fruit and vegetable canned products • Fruit and vegetable products • Fruits and berries • Plows • Table salt • Rolling stock for rail transport • Mobile reconnaissance points • High pressure heaters • Polyisoprene • Ethylene polymers • Polyethylene • Low pressure polyethylene • Bed linen • Consumer Products • Balers • Physical Performance Instruments • Night Vision Devices • CPS Drives • Indicators • Natural Diamonds • Natural Gas • Natural Sand • Trailers • Trailers and Semi-Trailers • Software • Direct Reduced Iron Ore Products • Livestock Products • Crop products • CD players • Industrial products • Industrial accelerators • Anti-submarine systems • Anti-satellite weapons • Anti-tank grenade launchers • Processors • Bird eggs • Machine guns • Cannon weapons • Guns • Wheat and meslin • Vacuum cleaners • Radioactive materials • Radio fuses • Radio measuring equipment • Radioisotopes • Radio compasses • Radar equipment • Radar equipment • Radar homing heads • Radar systems • Radio navigation equipment • Radio transparent materials • Radio engineering products • Solid mineral fertilizer spreaders • Upper stages • Rocket and space technology • Missile weapons • Rocket nozzles • Rocket launchers • Gearboxes • Rubber cord structures • Resistors • Railgun • Rails • Springs • Radar • Missile warning radar • Robotic systems • Roses • MLRS • Fish and seafood • Canned fish • Rippers and cultivators • Lard • Dump trucks • Self-propelled artillery mounts • Self-propelled howitzers • Sapphires • Welding equipment • Beet pulp • Beet harvesting machines • Ultra-pure cast iron • Lamps • Light petroleum products • LED panels • LED lamps • Translucent enclosing structures • Pigs • Microwave electronics • Agricultural products • Agricultural machinery • Farm poultry • Flax seeds • Wheat seeds • Separators-steam heaters • Sulfuric acid • Seeders • Liquefied natural gas • Synthetic detergents • Synthetic sapphires • Synthetic ammonia • Synthetic rubber • Synchronous generators • Automation systems • Train safety systems • Air conditioning systems • Space monitoring systems • Atmospheric radiosonding systems • Spacecraft docking systems • Electronic fuel injection systems • Space suits • Cream • Butter • Smartphones • Currants • Sniper rifles • Snowmobiles • Soda • Soybean meal • Vanadium compounds • Malt • Cellular communications • Cell phones • Sauce • Alcohol • Long-range radio communications • Air defense equipment • Remedies radio communications • Intelligence equipment • Electronic warfare equipment • Self-defense equipment • Communication equipment • Control equipment • Cut flowers • Steels • Steel wire • Steel beams • Unalloyed steel semi-finished products • Steel semi-finished products • Steel rods • Steel building prefabricated structures • Glass • Glass containers • Stereo radio systems • Washing machines machines • Styrene • Small arms • Construction equipment • Construction materials • LPG • Ship nuclear reactors • Sodium sulfate • Sulfate cellulose • Dry building mixtures • Electricity meters • Cheese • Cheese and cheese products • Tobacco • Tobacco and tobacco products • Tanks • Cottage cheese • Textiles and footwear • TVs • Telescopes • Strain gauges • Thermal energy • Diesel locomotives • Thermal honeycomb panels • Heat exchangers • Heat exchange equipment • Heat exchange units • Thermal equipment • Thermal underwear • Technical soda • Titanium products • Tomato paste • Fuel and energy products • Fuel control equipment • Trade refrigeration equipment • Torpedoes • Peat • Tractor sprayers and dusters • Transport services • Weapons transports • Transformer substations • Transformers • Weapons simulators • Knitwear • Knitted products • Knitted fabrics • Autonomous trolleybuses • Pipeline fittings • Pipelines • High pressure pipelines • Turbine blades • Tulips • Tractors • Traction units • Hydrocarbons • Carbon fiber units • Snails • Ultrasonic equipment • Food packaging • Guided artillery shells • Oysters • Plywood • Pharmaceutical products • Porcelain products • Beans • Phenol • Ferromolybdenum • Ferroalloys • Films • Financial services • Fluorite • Phosphates • Cameras • Photometers • Photodetectors • Fruits • Fruits and berries • Hazelnuts • Tail shafts • Chemical products • Chemical threads and fibers • Chemical plant protection products • Bread products • Cotton fiber • Cotton • Raw cotton • Potassium chloride • Refrigerators • Refrigeration equipment • Chrysotile • Color TVs • Flowers • Pulp • Cement • Cyclic hydrocarbons • Cyclotrons • Circulation pipelines • Citrus fruits • Digital cameras • Tea • Tea leaves • Clocks • Black caviar • Lentils • Cleaning products • Cast iron • Champignons • Chassis • Missile system chassis • Silk • Wool • Wool yarn • Tires • Chocolate • Chocolate products • Chocolates • Assault weapons • WIG crafts • Excavators • Electric capacitors • Electric meters • Electric transformers • Electric drills • Electrical installation devices • Electric pumping equipment • Electronics • Electronic components • Electronic microcircuits • Electric trains • Electric drives • Electrical switchboard equipment • Electricity • Electricity • Energy carriers • Ethyl alcohol • Jewelry • Jewelry • Apples • Nuclear weapons • Nuclear warheads • Nuclear reactors • Eggs • Amber • Cellular concrete • IT products • IT services • MP3 players • NFC smartphones

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Category: Armaments in Russia | Ammo

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