⚙️VAZ 2110 crankshaft sensor: location, check, replacement

What is a crankshaft position sensor on a vase

The induction type crankshaft position sensor is installed next to a special disk located in conjunction with the crankshaft drive pulley. The special disk is called a reference or master disk. Together with it, it ensures angular synchronization of the operation of the control unit. Skipping two teeth out of 60 on the disk allows the system to determine the TDC of the 1st or 4th cylinder. The 19th tooth after skipping should face the DPKV rod, and the mark on the camshaft should be against the bent reflector bracket. The gap between the sensor and the top of the disc tooth is in the range of 0.8-1.0 mm. The sensor winding resistance is 880-900 Ohms. To reduce noise levels, the crankshaft sensor conductor is shielded.

Functions and purpose

On an engine with 8 or 16 valves, the DPKV is designed to perform not control options, but to implement phase synchronization for gasoline injection. Also, the crankshaft sensor on the VAZ 2110 transmits an impulse to ignite the air-fuel mixture in the combustion chambers of the power unit. Therefore, if the controller breaks down, this can lead to various vehicle systems not functioning coherently. This means that normal operation of the engine will be impossible.

VAZ 2112 crankshaft sensor

The VAZ 2110 crankshaft sensor itself is an inductive type device; this controller must respond to the passage of teeth on the master disk. This disk is mounted on the generator drive pulley, and the controller itself is installed next to it. There are 58 teeth on the pulley, between which there is a cavity the size of 2 teeth. This cavity allows synchronization with the top dead center of the engine pistons. The moment the depression passes the controller, a corresponding signal is sent to the engine control unit.

There are quite a few designs of devices of this type; the principle of their operation is based on a regulator such as the VAZ 2110 Hall sensor. In the latter case, the regulator also responds to a rotating shaft, but its operation is carried out as a result of the passage of a permanent magnet.

Inductive (magnetic) DPKV

The device is based on a magnetized core placed in a coil. At rest, the magnetic field is constant and there is no self-induction emf in its winding. When the top of the metal tooth of the driving disk passes in front of the magnetic core, the magnetic field around the core changes, which leads to the induction of current in the winding. When the disk rotates, an alternating current appears at the output, and the frequency of the current varies depending on the speed of the shaft rotation. The work is based on the effect of electromagnetic induction.

A special feature of this sensor is its simple design, which operates without additional power supply.

Hall effect sensor

The type of these sensors operates on a microcircuit, placed in a housing with a magnetic core, and the drive disk creates a moving magnetic field with magnetized teeth.

The sensor provides high accuracy of signal output in all specified crankshaft rotation modes. A sensor operating on the basis of the Hall effect requires a constant voltage connection.

Optical sensors

It is based on the physical phenomenon of the photoelectric effect. Structurally, it is a light source with a receiver (photodiode). Rotating between the source and the receiver, the perforated disk periodically closes and opens the path to the light source, as a result the photodiode produces a pulse current that arrives in the form of an analog signal to the control unit (the system has limited use and was previously installed in the distributors of injection cars, for example, Matiz).

Where is?

If malfunctions are noticed in the operation of the engine, then before you begin to identify the breakdown and signs of malfunction, you need to find out where the regulator is located. Where is the crankshaft position sensor located on an 8- or 16-valve “ten”? If you open the hood, you will notice that the regulator can be found directly on the oil pump cover. As you can see, the location of the regulator is not particularly convenient. VAZ engineers thought through this point, thinking about the convenience of replacing the controller, so they equipped the DPKV with a long 80 cm wire.

Location of the DPKV under the hood of the car

What cars is the crankshaft position sensor suitable for?

Model	Engine code	Year	Engine capacity, l.
110 (2110) 1.5	BA3 2111 / VAZ-2111	1995 — 2005	1,5
110 (2110) 1.5 16V	VAZ-2112	1995 — 2010	1,5
110 (2110) 2.0 i	C 20 XE	1996 — 2000	2
110 (2110) Wankel	VAZ-415	1997 — 2004	2,6
110 (2110) 1.6	VAZ-21114 / VAZ-21124	1995 — 2012	1,6
110 (2110) 1.6 16V	VAZ-21124	2004 — 2010	1,6
110 (2110) 1.6 LPG	VAZ-21114	2004 — 2007	1,6
111 (2111) 1.5	VAZ-2111 / BA3 2111	1996 — 2005	1,5
111 (2111) 1.5 16V	VAZ-2112	1995 — 2005	1,5
111 (2111) 1.6	VAZ-21114 / VAZ-21124	2004 — 2013	1,6
112 (2112) 1.5	VAZ-2111	1995 — 2005	1,5
112 (2112) 1.5 16V	VAZ-2112	1995 — 2005	1,5
112 (2112) 1.6	VAZ-21124 / VAZ-21114	2005 — 2011	1,6

Where is the sensor located?

In order to understand exactly where the crankshaft sensor is located, you need to know how it works. This device is designed to read the number of revolutions of the teeth of the generator pulley, passing near its core while moving, which create special impulses, and then, using this sensor, are processed and transferred to the ECU (electronic control unit - approx.) .

This is necessary to synchronize the fuel injection phases and supply an impulse to ignite the combustible mixture into the combustion chambers. In other words, based on the readings of this sensor, the engine control unit determines in what quantity and to which cylinder the fuel mixture should be supplied.

Top view of the crankshaft sensor and drive pulleys.

Thus, it is not difficult to understand that this sensor is located only near the generator pulley and is secured to a special bracket with a bolt. A block and a fairly long power wire are connected to the sensor.

Signs of sensor malfunction

If the crankshaft sensor fails completely, you will not be able to start the engine, but there are a number of reasons why you can determine its malfunction in advance:

Reduced engine power.
Engine operation is unstable.
When the engine is under load, detonation occurs.
Starting the engine is difficult.

Checking the crankshaft sensor

In order to check the operation of the crankshaft sensor, you only need to measure the resistance of its windings. The data on the multimeter should be in the range of 550-570 Ohms, and if they are, then the problem may be corroded wiring .

Remember that this sensor cannot be repaired and only needs replacement.

Causes of malfunction

One of them includes the crankshaft sensor, after which the entire system as a whole will cease to function. There is no need to be disappointed in this case, because you can easily replace it with your own hands, and our article will help with this.

Despite the fact that this device is highly reliable, and its failure does not occur regularly, the malfunction will immediately make itself known, since the engine simply will not start. And since this sensor does not have moving parts, and its problems are in no way related to mechanical damage, the main reason for sensor failure is: adhered dirt, high humidity in the engine compartment, which causes corrosion of the connections.

Features of injection systems

The injection system operates thanks to a sensor system and a control unit. All signals are input to the microprocessor unit, which regulates the operation of the actuators. The following sensors are responsible for the correct operation of the engine:

Crankshaft positions.
Camshaft positions (not on all versions).
Intake manifold pressure.
Lambda probe.
Speed.
Mass air flow.
Throttle position.

And the main role is played by the VAZ-2110 crankshaft sensor (8 valves or 16), since the moment of injection and supply of high voltage to the spark plug electrodes depends on it. The design has a temperature sensor, but it has virtually no effect on operation. It is necessary to control the engine temperature and send a signal to the dial indicator (or to the on-board computer). But it will be indispensable if it is necessary to implement automatic switching of fuel types (from gasoline to gas and back).

Algorithm of operation of the injection system

The microprocessor has several inputs and outputs. The inputs receive signals from all sensors. But first, these signals are converted and, if necessary, amplified. The microcontroller is programmed to work with sensors and actuators. Programs (firmware) can provide various engine characteristics.

You can achieve an increase in power (gasoline consumption will increase) or a decrease in consumption (power will suffer). But most motorists prefer programs that provide work with average parameters. In this case, the signal from the VAZ-2110 crankshaft position sensor does not change; only the reaction of the actuators to changes in input data is adjusted.

Why do you need a crankshaft sensor?

Content

The sensor is the only device without which the engine will not be able to perform functions.

The sensor operates using the principle of electromagnetic induction. The necessary information will be read from the generator drive toothed pulley.

There are two types of faults with the crankshaft sensor:

Damage to parts and windings of the device.
Violation of the integrity of the wire and connections in the circuit.

The design of the crankshaft position sensor is not complicated. It breaks down extremely rarely. Errors or malfunctions of the crankshaft sensor in the VAZ 2110 8 valves are usually associated with manufacturing defects, mechanical damage and contamination. The first two points do not depend on the driver himself, but you can control the cleanliness under the hood yourself.

The engine compartment is exposed to various destructive factors. Dust flying from the roadway, stones, and temperature changes cause a number of problems in the area of oil leakage. If an engine oil leak is detected, it must be repaired without fail. Timely action is especially important at the location where the sensor is installed. You should ensure that the contacts are clean and protected. It is important to ensure that the insulated wires do not have exposed wires or damage. It is better to entrust the repair of the VAZ 2110 crankshaft sensor wiring to specialists.

A little about the crankshaft

The crankshaft is the most important element of any internal combustion engine. It is driven by the starter (at the moment of starting) and the pistons (in operating mode). From it, torque is transmitted to the gearbox, gas distribution system, and auxiliary mechanisms. And in order for fuel injection to be carried out in a timely manner, a spark to form at the right moment, a VAZ-2110 crankshaft sensor is needed.

It monitors the position of the pulley and transmits a signal to the electronic control unit. The pulley has teeth, the distance between them is the same. But in one place there is a gap - two teeth are missing. The position sensor reacts to the approach of metal. When an empty area passes near the sensor, a signal is generated - the control unit is notified that one revolution of the crankshaft has occurred.

Replacing chips and pinout of DPKV VAZ 2110

Over time, the wires going to the DPKV chip wear out. Located in the lower part of the engine and not far from the front wheel, as a result, dirt, snow, oil, and aggressive chemical media in the form of salt get on the DPKV and its chip and settle, which leads to slow oxidation of the wires on the chip and subsequently to their breakage. Since the wires from the chip are combined into a single bundle, when replacing it, a repair chip is provided with protruding two wires 15 cm long. Having removed the damaged chip, install a new one with a twist. The twist points are insulated using heat shrink or electrical tape.

From the diagram below it can be seen that their pinout is not complicated and two wires are directly connected to the signal input contacts in the control unit, passing along the entire length of the harness. The polarity of the connection between the signal wires of the sensor and the control unit must be observed. If the polarity is reversed, the synchronization system will not work. To restore the operation of the DPKV, you simply need to swap the wires and check the functionality by starting the engine.

Signs of breakdown

Any malfunction of the VAZ 2110 crankshaft sensor will cause the engine to be unable to start after a long period of parking. If the controller starts to malfunction while operating the car, in 90% of cases the engine will stall, since the ECU will not generate a signal to the ignition system, and the internal combustion engine safety function will work. Signs of a sensor malfunction when the unit begins to break down:

Check Engine is activated on the dashboard;
engine speed becomes unstable, traction decreases by 50%;
The VAZ 2110 crankshaft sensor must be urgently changed if the following sign of a malfunction appears: when the speed increases, a hum is felt in the engine area and knocking;
An injection engine is characterized by the appearance of popping noises in the exhaust tract area.

When the VAZ 2110 dpkv is completely faulty, the engine stalls because the computer does not send signals to form a spark.

These symptoms do not always indicate that a complete replacement of the VAZ 2110 crankshaft sensor is necessary, since all faults of the element are conditionally divided into four groups:

surface clogging;
damage to the winding of the device and violation of its integrity;
manufacturing defects;
open circuit or short circuit in the circuit.

Checking the sensor begins with cleaning the part. The cleanliness of the contacts, their security, the cleanliness of the connector are checked, and oil stains are eliminated. The design of the sensor is quite simple, but 20 percent of device failures are factory defects. The wiring break is repaired after ringing the circuit. The VAZ 2110 crankshaft sensor is not repaired, since the cost of the consumable does not exceed 100 rubles; the unit is replaced with a similar one after a short diagnosis.

Symptoms of a problem

Most of the manifestations of a malfunction of the crankshaft sensor of a VAZ 2112 16 valve car are not specific. If the engine does not start at all, then, first of all, you should check the presence of gasoline in the tank and the integrity of the armored wire, through which high voltage is transmitted from the step-up transformer to the ignition distributor.

When the engine is running, the following signs of DPKV malfunction may be observed:

The engine starts after cranking the crankshaft for several seconds.
“Floating” idle speed.
A sharp decrease in engine power.
Increased fuel consumption.

For VAZ 2112 engines with 16 valves, where detonation is possible during operation, DPKV diagnostics must also be carried out. If this part malfunctions, the electrical signal may be sent to the ECU with a delay, which can cause instability in the operation of the internal combustion engine, accompanied by explosive combustion of the fuel mixture.

Causes of failure

There are a small number of reasons why a sensor may fail, but they still exist.

Mechanical damage;
Aging;
Electrical damage;
Open circuit control;

Let's consider each of the breakdown options in more detail.

Mechanical damage. May be caused by any impact to the sensor. For example, when trying to dismantle the sensor, similar breakdowns are possible.

Aging. Often on older cars the sensor may fail due to its aging and demagnetization of the core.

Electrical damage. With such a breakdown, the coil inside the sensor most often breaks, and it stops sending a signal to the ECU.

Open circuit control. A break in the control circuit does not refer to a sensor failure. If there is a break, the wiring that transmits the signal from the sensor to the ECU is affected.

Checking the DPKV for serviceability

To verify the suspicion of a breakdown of the crankshaft sensor, the two most likely cases of its malfunction are considered.
In both of these cases, you will need to dismantle the device using a ten-threaded wrench. Before the operation, marks are drawn on the crankcase and the sensor itself, which will later help to tighten the device to the initial angle of rotation. Also, the motorist should not forget to measure the clearance between the synchro disk and the sensor before dismantling, which cannot go beyond the size of 0.6-1.5 mm. If there are no mechanical damage such as scratches, dents, or damage to the material structure, the sensor is checked using other measuring instruments:

checking with an ohmmeter. In this case, it is necessary to measure the resistance of the sensor winding. Since the standard value of this indicator, set by the manufacturer, ranges from 550 to 750 Ohms, going beyond the specified limits indicates the malfunction of this device, which is important for the correct operation of the car - which means it is faulty. It is worth noting here that the manufacturer still allows a slight discrepancy in resistance with the nameplate values, but in any case they must correspond to the data specified in the machine’s operating instructions;
checking with a voltmeter, inductance meter and transformer. This method is more complicated, but more effective - the resistance is measured with the same ohmmeter, after which the inductance is checked (should be from 200 to 4000 millihenry), with a sensor winding voltage of 500 Volts. Next, you need to measure the resistance with a megger and make sure that it does not exceed 20 MOhm.

If the sensor still does not pass these tests, it must be replaced. During this procedure, it is necessary not to forget about the distance between it and the synchronization disk regulated by the manufacturer, as well as alignment with the marks on the crankcase that were made on the previous device. Before installing a new sensor, be sure to check it, since even if all installation procedures are followed correctly, it may not work properly.

A new DPKV is checked according to the same procedure as a supposedly faulty one, and based on the test results, the device can be installed instead of the previous one or rejected. When installing, the bolts are tightened with a torque of 8 to 12 Nm. However, in any case, before carrying out all the actions to replace a rather expensive and hard-to-reach component, you should definitely make sure that it is the one that has failed, because cars produced by our automotive industry can often bring unpleasant surprises.

First way to check

In this case, you will need an ohmmeter , which you will use to replace the resistance on the winding. According to the manufacturer's standards, the indicator ranges from 550 to 750 Ohms.

It's okay if your numbers are slightly different from the norm. If the deviations are serious, you will definitely have to replace the sensor.

It should be noted in fairness that the crankshaft position sensor on VAZ 2110 models rarely breaks down. Among the main reasons for its failure to function normally is the accumulation of dirt, mechanical damage, as well as banal factory defects.

Features of testing on other cars

As for other cars, for example, VAZ-2109 with an injection engine, VAZ-2112 and VAZ-2114, their check is carried out identically to the VAZ-2110 car.

It is noteworthy that for VAZs, when checking the resistance of the crankshaft sensor coil, an additional check can be carried out.

But to do this, the multimeter must be switched to voltmeter mode with a measurement limit of 200 mV.

Then connect the probes to the DPKV terminals and pass them with any metal object, for example, a screwdriver, at a short distance from the core.

If the sensor is working properly, it will react to metal, the multimeter will show voltage surges on the display. The absence of these bursts will indicate a faulty element.

As for a car like the Reno Logan, the difference from the VAZ in this car comes down to slightly different readings of the resistance of the sensor coil when measured with an ohmmeter.

A working Logan DPKV has a normal resistance of 200-270 Ohms.

For Daewoo Lanos, the coil resistance should be in the range of 500-600 Ohms.

But on the ZMZ-406 engine, installed on Volga and Gazelle cars, the normal coil resistance is in the range of 850-900 Ohms.

Second method

Here you will need a voltmeter, a transformer and an inductance meter. It is advisable to measure resistance under compact temperature conditions.

Once the ohmmeter readings are obtained, arm yourself with an inductance measuring device. Normally, the device should show from 200 to 4000 units (millihenry).

A megger measures the resistance when the crankshaft position sensor winding is powered at 500 volts. Under normal conditions, the readings will be no more than 20 MΩ.

Methods for diagnosing DPKV

When determining the serviceability of the crankshaft position sensor, we are guided by the principle - from simple to complex. In other words, first an inspection, then checking the characteristics with instruments (ohmmeter, oscilloscope or computer). The absence of moving parts and the simplicity of the design of the element make it a fairly reliable part. Therefore, the crankshaft sensor in rare cases becomes unusable on its own. Most often, it receives mechanical damage during repair work under the hood of a car or as a result of foreign objects getting between the sensor and the gear wheel.

Before you begin diagnosing an electronic component, you need to note its original position on the motor. After dismantling, the device is checked for defects in external surfaces. If the DPKV is dirty or has corrosion on the contact group, then it must be cleaned with alcohol. If the inspection shows no defects, it can be diagnosed using special instruments. It is advisable to carry out the test using a multimeter, which can be switched to different modes.

Ohmmeter test method

This method is simple and accessible, but does not guarantee detection of a breakdown. It is used to measure the resistance of the coil. To do this, it is enough to simultaneously touch the coil terminals with the probes. The polarity of the touch is not important in this case.

The resistance value depends on the characteristics of the coil and is usually in the range of 500-700 Ohms. To determine the resistance value of your sensor model, you need to look in the description of the DPKV or search on the Internet.

The multimeter is used as follows:

We set the measured parameter (resistance) in a range close to the measured value, but not lower.
We touch the ends of the sensor with the probes and look at the readings.

If the indicators are close to the standard values, then the coil is working properly. The disadvantage of this method is that it does not always indicate a faulty crankshaft sensor. Therefore, it is advisable to check using other methods.

Checking inductance values

When excited, all coils display an inductance indicator, including the coil located in the crankshaft sensor housing. The diagnostic method boils down to measuring this indicator.

When checking inductance, you must have a megohmmeter, a network transformer, an inductance meter and a voltmeter. To determine the indicator, carry out the following steps:

Use a multimeter to measure the inductance of the coil (standard values are in the region of 200-400 mH).
Using a megohmmeter, measure the resistance of the insulating layer between the ends of the DPKV (the data should be above 0.5 MΩ).
A network transformer is used to demagnetize the sensor coil (deviations indicate the need to replace the part).

Video: Checking DPKV, it couldn’t be simpler. Injector diagnostics.

Diagnostics using an oscilloscope

The most advanced and accurate method of determining the health of a part is checking with an oscilloscope. Diagnostic work is carried out with the power plant running.

You can also use an oscilloscope to check serviceability on a dismantled crankshaft sensor. This requires an electronic oscilloscope and special software. In this case, the check is carried out according to the algorithm:

Probes must be connected to the terminals of the crankshaft position sensor;
Launch the software;
Move any metal object near the part.

If the sensor is working properly, a graph is constructed on the device screen based on the DPKV readings.

If the part reacts to the movement of a metal object, then it is working. But the result of checking it on a running internal combustion engine will be more accurate.

The simplest, most reliable and fastest way to determine the performance of the DPKV is to install a known-good synchronization sensor in place of the one being tested. And if the problems with the car disappear, then the conclusion is clear - the part is faulty and needs to be replaced.

When installing, you should take into account the correct installation: maintaining the required gap between the DPKV and the flywheel. You can find out this indicator from the instructions for the sensor or from the Internet, but on average it is 0.5-1.5 mm.

Today we will talk about the engine crankshaft position sensor, where it is located, signs of its malfunctions, ways to check it on various cars using instruments.

Controller diagnostics

Diagnostics of the crankshaft position sensor is carried out on the dismantled controller. It is recommended to set a timing mark on the crankcase before removing it so that when installing a new element, the correct gap between the tracking device and the timing disk will be maintained. The permissible gap is 0.6–1.5 mm.

We remove the element with a 10mm wrench and carry out a visual inspection. Before checking the crankshaft sensor, the battery is disconnected and the contact points are checked. During a visual inspection, the integrity of the housing, wires, connectors, and the absence of cracks and dents on the housing are checked. If there are no signs of mechanical damage, the DPKV is checked with a multimeter.

Testing of the node can be carried out both by resistance and voltage parameters. Testing for resistance is much simpler, so it is used in most diagnostic options.

The resistance on the working controller winding should be in the range of 550–750 Ohms. Measurements are taken on two contacts of the part. For a 16-valve injector engine, a resistance deviation of 5% is considered acceptable.

Drivers rarely use the second testing option, although diagnostics with a voltmeter are considered more reliable. To check, you will need a transformer and an inductance meter, for example, the MY-6243 multimeter model is often used to measure capacitance and inductance. Checking step by step.

Calculate the inductance dpkv. The working element at a voltage of at least 500 mV will show an inductance in the range of 200–4000 iH.
Check the resistance; a working sensor shows a parameter of 20 mOhm.

Sensor location

The stable operation of the engine depends on the serviceability of the crankshaft sensor, so automakers place it in an easily accessible place to quickly troubleshoot the problem. Despite the dense arrangement of parts under the hood, it is quite easy to determine where the synchronization sensor is located.

Reference disk. Other names are master or synchronizer.

Most often it is located on a bracket between the generator pulley and the flywheel.

Among other electronic sensors, it stands out because of its wire (70 cm long) with a special connector for connecting to the vehicle’s on-board network.

To replace and install the DPKV, you only need to correctly set the gap between the rod and the synchronizing disk. The gap size varies from 0.5 to 1.5 mm and depends on the make and model of a particular car. The distance is adjusted using special washers located between the device and the installation site.

Something else useful for you:

Video: Crankshaft position sensor DPKV

To change or not to change?

Let’s make a reservation right away: before deciding that the DPKV needs replacement, you need to check:

Condition of the wiring going to the DPKV;
Availability of high-quality contacts in the circuit;
No damage to wire insulation;
No oil on the crankshaft position sensor. Since the oil pump is located next to the DPKV, oil leakage can also cause its malfunction.

Functional crankshaft position sensor

If you have already examined everything, you need to check the sensor itself. But to do this you need to remove it.

Replacement

If signs of a malfunction of the DPKV are associated with damage to the device, it is replaced without repair. The controllers are located in an inconvenient place; they are attached to the oil pump cover with a single bolt. How to remove an element step by step.

The ignition is turned off, the negative terminal of the battery is removed.
The oil pump where the sensor is located is determined, and the connector is removed. There is an 80 cm wire from the controller to the block; you can determine the location of the connector by the wire.
Use a 10mm wrench to unscrew the only screw.
The device is removed.

Before installing a new element, you must thoroughly clean the sensor seat and connector plug, and check the integrity of the wiring. This will avoid rapid failure of the new part.

If the problem in the operation of the internal combustion engine is due to the lack of a signal from the sensor connector on the computer, check the integrity of the wiring. Electronics diagnostics, if there is a signal but no response from the electronic unit, are carried out in a specialized workshop. In 90% of cases, flashing of the control system and replacement of electronic components is required.

In half of the cases, the sensor fails due to simple dirt. The controller is located in close proximity to the oil pump, which can throw out drops of liquid. Oil getting on the sensor reading element clogs the surface, oxidizes and interferes with the full transmission of data.